Page 55 - Veterinary Immunology, 10th Edition
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2.5). NF-κB activates the genes for three proteins, interleukin-1 (IL-
VetBooks.ir 1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α).
IRF3 activates the gene for interferon-β(IFN-β). (For additional
details on these signal transduction pathways, see Chapter 8.)
FIG. 2.5 Binding of a pathogen-associated molecular pattern such
as lipopolysaccharide to a toll-like receptor generates a signaling
cascade that eventually activates two transcription factors, NF-κB
and IRF3. These transcription factors activate the genes for the
three major cytokines, IL-1, IL-6 and TNF-α. The TRIF complex
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