Page 59 - Veterinary Immunology, 10th Edition
P. 59
RLRs Intracellular Short dsRNA RNA viruses
VetBooks.ir NLRs Cytoplasm Peptidoglycans Bacteria
RIG-1
NOD1
NOD2
CLRs Cytoplasm Muramyl dipeptide Bacteria
Dectins Cell surface Glucans Fungi
Mannose receptor (CD206) Cell surface Glycoproteins Bacteria
Others
CD14 Cell surface LPS Bacteria
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins Cell surface Peptidoglycans Bacteria
CD1 Cell surface Glycolipids Bacteria
CD36 Cell surface Lipoproteins Bacteria
CD48 Cell surface Fimbria Bacteria
FIG. 2.6 PAMPs signaling through NOD-like receptors (NLR)
generate large multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes.
Inflammasomes generate caspase-1 that activates cytokines such
as IL-1 and IL-18. They also generate caspase-11, an enzyme that
causes cell death by pyroptosis.
Macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells express many other
receptors that can recognize microbial molecules and trigger innate
responses. These include C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) that bind
carbohydrates, a molecule called CD36 that binds lipoproteins, and
one called CD1 that binds glycolipids (Box 2.4).
Box 2.4
The CD Nomenclature System
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