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320                                                       the WeLfare of CattLe


              •  Ensure that the downer has access to high-quality water and feed at all times. If free choice access
                 is not feasible, water and feed should be provided at least four times a day.
              •  Reposition the cow as to alternate the hind leg located underneath the body at least four times a day
                 (every 6 hours).
              •  If needed, move the cow to another location by using a loader bucket or by placing on a pallet.
                 Moving should never cause further injury and discomfort.
              •  Use lifting devices only when the downer cow can support her own weight after being lifted. A
                 well-trained caretaker should supervise the process and be available to lower her when no longer
                 supporting her own weight.
              •  Assess the condition of the downer after each treatment (at least four times per day) and inform your
                 supervisor if her condition is improving or deteriorating. This will help with the decision to continue
                 treatment or euthanize.


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