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into five components: finding and satisfying global customers; identifying
               global customer needs; satisfying global customers; being better than the

               competition;  and  co-ordinating  marketing  activities.  In  addition,  global
               strategy  is  defined  as  the  competitive  advantage  arising  from  location,
               scale economics, or global brand distribution. Companies that operate on

               a global scale need to integrate their worldwide operations by developing
               a co-ordinated global marketing strategy that delivers the needs of global

               customers and recognises the need to develop sustainable competitive
               advantage.  It  is  important  to  investigate  the  economic,  technological,
               political and socio-cultural forces that shape global marketing strategy as

               they also provide the background for the formulation and implementation
               of an international marketing strategy. The unit outlined the international

               strategic  process,  which  includes  four  interrelated  elements  and  the
               assessment of the internal strengths and weaknesses of a company and
               the  need  to  gain  a  competitive  advantage  based  on  Porter’s  Generic

               Strategies (Porter, 1985).   Future areas of prime importance highlighted
               the  role  of  technology  which  is  discussed  fully  in  Unit  12:  Enabling

               implementation through technology.





               January 2013


               The changes to marketing are not only strategic, but deep in detail. Shifting one's
               perspective from pushing out campaigns to helping customers throughout their
               decision journeys immediately raises the issue of cross-functional coordination
               across marketing, sales, and service -- as well as how it all integrates into the brand's
               core offering itself. Digital interactions require significant analytic support to develop
               the algorithms that push the right content to the right interaction point. Social media
               requires real-time decision-making based on unstructured data, often executed
               through people on the front lines of interaction. Mobile requires coordinating an
               astoundingly wide array of parties — telecom carriers, media providers, operating
               system owners — as well as personal, contextual, and location-based data to drive
               any kind of scaled engagement program. Generating the growing mountain of
               content to power all of these interactions requires supply-chain type discipline.

               Putting the right capabilities in place will not only help brands develop the right
               interaction strategies; it will give them a broader range of options that they can
               execute. The pressure for operational leadership now shifts to marketing and sales.
               Creativity is no longer delivered in simple advertisements; it requires multifaceted
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