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Glossary and index
line segment a part of a straight line mode the most common number or
between two points 122, 134 value in a set 103
line symmetry property of a shape that can multiple the result of multiplying a
be divided by a line segment (or mirror line) number by a positive integer; the first few
into two congruent halves, one being the multiples of 3 are 3, 6, 9, 12, …, … 11
mirror image (or reflection) of the other 86 mutually exclusive two outcomes are
linear expression an expression with at mutually exclusive if they cannot both
least one variable, where the highest power happen at the same time 152
of any variable is 1 26 net a flat diagram that can be folded to
linear sequence a pattern of numbers in form the faces of a solid 90
which the difference between consecutive nth term the general term of a sequence;
terms is the same 19 using algebra to write the position-to-term
lowest common multiple (LCM) the smallest rule, where n represents the position number
possible common multiple of two numbers; of the term 23
24 is the lowest common multiple of 6 and 8 11 object a shape before a transformation 158
map the process of changing an input number observation primary data collected by
to an output number by the use of a function 18 recording things that are seen 62
mapping diagram type of diagram that output the result after a number has been
represents a function 24 acted upon by a function 24
mass the amount of substance in an parallel lines having the same perpendicular
object; sometimes the word ‘weight’ is distance continuously between them 51
used in everyday speech 45
percentage a fraction written out of 100,
mean an average of a set of numbers, as ‘percent’; a quarter is 25% 111
found by adding all the numbers and
perpendicular bisector a line drawn at 90°
dividing the total by how many numbers
to a line segment, dividing it into two
there are in the set 103
equal parts 122
median the middle number when a set perpendicular height the height of a
of numbers is put in order 103
shape or object measured at 90° to its base 166
method of collection the way in which
population the total set of people, things
data is collected, such as survey, experiment
or events being investigated 62
or observation 62
position-to-term rule the rule that
metric units measurements based on allows any term in a sequence to be
multiples and divisions of ten; the most calculated, given its position number 19
commonly used units of measurement 45
power a number written using an
midpoint the centre point of a line index; 3 to the power 4 is written as
segment 122, 134
3 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 81 15, 32
4
mile measure of distance, approximately powers of 10 the number 10 being
8
1.6 or of a kilometre 47
5 multiplied by itself a number of times 32
mixed number a number expressed as the prime see prime number
sum of a whole number and a proper fraction 75
prime number a number with exactly two
modal class the class with the highest
factors, 1 and itself; 7, 13 and 41 are primes 11
frequency 105
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