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Figure 3.1. Theoretical Framework for PALAR (Zuber-Skerritt, Kearney, & Fletcher,

2015, p. 110, as cited in Zuber-Skeritt, 2015)

Figure 3.1 shows that the center focus is on participatory action learning and action

research (PALAR), a conceptual integration of lifelong action learning and participatory action

research. PALAR is conceived as a philosophy, a methodology, a theory of learning, and as a

facilitation process for community engagement.

PALAR can be instrumental in pursuit of social justice and is well suited for beginner

researchers and pros interested in researching and improving their own practice. (Zuber-Skerritt,

2018). PALAR can be instrumental in pursuit of social justice and is well suited for both

experienced and beginning researchers interested in researching and improving their own practice.

The PALAR framework is the basis for a generic program design, structure, and content,

and for processes of learning, teaching, assessment, evaluation, and leadership development. It is

a systemic and systematic program on how to design, justify, conduct, evaluate, write, and publish

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