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(28) United States Government Accountability Office. September 2009.
NEW DRUG APPROVAL. FDA Needs to Enhance Its Oversight of Drugs
Approved on the Basis of Surrogate Endpoints. http://www.gao.gov/new
.items/d09866.pdf.

(29) Davis C, Abraham J. Desperately seeking cancer drugs: explain-
ing the emergence and outcomes of accelerated pharmaceutical regulation.
Sociology of Health & Illness. 2011 Jul 1;33(5):731–47.

(30) Barbui C, Cipriani A, Lintas C, Bertel V, Garattini S. CNS drugs
approved by the centralised European procedure: true innovation or dan-
gerous stagnation? Psychopharmacology. 2006 Nov 22;190(2):265–8.

(31) There is a good, free summary of the issues around this
area in this PDF from the WHO: Aidan Hollis. Me Too Drugs: is there
a problem? http://www.who.int/intellectualproperty/topics/ip/Me-tooD
rugs_Hollis1.pdf.

(32) NICE, ‘CG17 Dyspepsia: full guideline,’ Guidance/Clinical Guide-
lines, http://guidance.nice.org.uk/CG17/Guidance/pdf/ English. But also,
if the NICE guideline and its references aren’t enough for you (it’s from
2004) please do waste an hour of your time browsing other more recent
trials. There’s nothing magical happening here for esomeprazole.

(33) http://www.nytimes.com/2004/10/12/business/media/12drug
.html.

(34) http://www.mediapost.com/publications/?fa=Articles.showAr
ticle&art_aid=92473.

(35) http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2010/0412/opinions-healthca
re-nexium-hmo-prescriptions-heads-up.html.

(36) Here I should declare an interest: I sit on the funding panel to
address this exact question, every quarter, for the NHS ‘Health Technol-
ogy Assessment’ programme. This funding stream exists specifically to
identify trials that need to be done, but which no company would fund,

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