Page 45 - Practical handout Lev 1-Pharm D- 2024-2025-with spec

Pharm D Level 1 Medicinal plants (PG 101)

Anatomy of young Dicot Stems
Tissues of stem arranged from outside inwards as follows:
1-Epidermis 2-Cortex 3-Stele

1) Epidermis:-- single layer of thin cellulosic wall parenchyma , Covered
with cuticle
2) The ground tissue
- Vascular bundles are arranged in a ring embedded

in the ground tissue and hence divide it into:
-An outer cortex and inner pith.

(A) Cortex( very narrow zone):- consists of
1-Hypodermis :- May consists of continuous collenchyma

2-Cortex:- Parenchymatous tissue
3-Endodermis:- -The innermost layer of cortex

3) Stele:- (all tissues enclosed by endodermis)
The vascular bundles:
-Type of ( V.B) ;- (open collateral bundles). OR bicollateral bundle
-(V.B) may be surrounded by bundle cap ( pericycle fiber) from above
-Pith :- wide parenchymatous

-Arrangement of xylem in stems is described as endarch
(B) pith :- very wide (2/3)of stem size , parenchymatous tissue

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