Page 298 - Pharmacognosy 2 PG303

Pharmacognosy-2 (PG303) Level 2 Clinical Pharmacy-Pharm D

Gentian Root Valerian Senega Roots Sarsaparilla Colchicum Corm

(Radix Gentianae) Rhizome )Snake Root ( Root Meadow-saffron )

انايريلاو - نيدران )Radix Sarsaparillae , Autumn crocus) حلاحللا
Radix Sarsae (
Origin Dried fermented Carefully dried Dried root and rootstock of Dried roots of Smilax Fresh or dried corms of
roots and rhizomes of rhizomes and roots Polygala senega ornata ,family Colchicum autamnale

Gentiana lutea of Valeriana family Polygalaceae Liliaceae L .family Liliaceae
family Gentianaceae officinalis L .
family
Valerianaceae

➢ Notice the keel.
➢ It has a broad crown on
which numerous remains
of stem bases.
;
Active ■ Seco-iridoid ▪ Volatile oils ▪ Saponin glycosides ▪ Saponin ▪ About 0.6% of
constituents bitter substances: (bornyl acetate and 6-12% saponins , glycoside water-soluble
the main constituent is bornyl isovalerianate A mixture of triterpene )Sarsaponin ( alkaloids, the most
)
gentiopicrin. are the main glycosides senega-saponins A- ▪ Sarsapic acid. important is
(
■ Xanthone Constituents D ( ▪ Resin. Colchicine.

derivatives ▪ Valepotriates . ▪ Lipids ,mono -and oligo- ▪ Other alkaloids (iso-

(gentisin , ▪ Valerianic and saccharides. colchicine and
isogentisin , isovalerianic ▪ Methyl salicylate and its colchiceine .
(

gentioside) acids glycoside. ▪ Abundant starch.
242