Page 20 - chemistry exclusive short suggestion

imvqb G·K¬zwmf mv‡Rkb
 cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +*
 cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW * cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW  cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +  cøvRwgW  cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW  +  cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW +*
 wjMbvBU Kqjvwe`y¨r Drcv`‡b, eqjv‡ii R¡vjvwbiƒ‡c,  KzwKs wjKvi- 27.1%Na 2S + 58.6%NaOH +
cÖwWDmvi M¨vm Drcv`‡b| 14.3%Na 2CO 3.
 weUzwmbvg Kqjv we`y¨r Drcv`‡b|  ‡cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g›U-CaO = 60-70%, SiO 2 = 20-24%,
 A¨vb_ªvmvBU Kqjv‡auvqvwenxb R¡vjvwbiƒ‡c, we`y¨r, avZz Al 2O 3 = 3-8%,
wb®‥vk‡b | NgO = 1-4%, FeO = 2.5%, SO 3 = 1.5%

 ‡Kvj M¨vmZvc Drcv`‡b (R¡vjvwb),Av‡jv Drcv`Kiƒ‡c,
avZz wb®‥vk‡b| Dcv`vb
 IqvUvi M¨vm-wk‡í Pzwjøi R¡vjvwb, avZz wb®‥vk‡bi weRviK|  KvP ¯^‪QKviiƒ‡c †hvM Kiv nq NaNO 3, Al 2O 3, O
 wg‡_bR¡vjvwb, BDwiqv mvi Drcv`vb| NH 4Cl
 ms‡køl M¨vmR¡vjvwb, weRviK, wg_vbj Drcv`‡b|  A¯^‪Q KvP •Zwi‡Z †hvM Kiv nqA¨vw›Ugwb, wUb,
Av‡m©wbK, mvjdvBW|
 ‡cÖvwWDmvi M¨vm-Pzwjø DËß Ki‡Z, avZz wb®‥vk‡b|
 wcP‡ivW Kv‡c©wUs-G|  meyR KvP •Zwi‡Z FeO.
 njy`vf KvP •Zwi‡Z MnO 2.
 wKD‡jUweMvjK iƒ‡c, Mjb ZvcgvÎv n«vm, Drcv`b e„w×,
AcPq †iva|  Kv‡Pi g~j Dcv`vb SiO 2, CaO/CaCO 3, Na 2CO 3
 Soft glassMøvm wUDe, †evZj •Zwi|  Kv‡Pi ‡M․Y Dcv`vb K 2CO 3, BaSO 4, BaCO 3,
H 3BO 3, Na 2B 4O, ZnCO 3
 Hard glassey¨‡iU, wc‡cU, weKvi, k³ KvP hš¿cvwZ|  ‡KIwjb/Pxbv gvwU (Al 2O 3. 2SiO 2.2H 2O)
 Flint glassPkgvi KvP, •e`y¨wZK evj¦, Optical  wmivwgK Drcv`‡bi Dcvvb-
hš¿cvwZ |
(i) Pvqbv †K¬ (†KIwjb/Kv`v gvwU)
 Crooks glassPkgvi KvP | (ii) wmwjKv (†KvqvU©R/wd¬›U)
 Opal glas-evwZi •kW •Zwi‡Z |
(iii) ‡dj¯úvi|
 Gena glassivmvqwbK weKviK cÖwZ‡iva wn‡m‡e |  weMvjK‡eviv·, µ‡qvjvBU|
 Fibra glassSvji I ckgx e¯‧ •Zwi |  ‡cvU©j¨vÛ wm‡g‡›Ui Dcv`vb-
 Laminated Safety glass‡gvUi Mvwoi Rvbvjvi KvP (i) UªvB K¨vjwmqvg wmwj‡KU (50%)-3CaO. SiO 2|
 wmivwgKwk‡í dv‡b©m •Zwi, BÝy‡jUiiƒ‡c.  cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +  cøvRwgW  cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +  cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + (ii) WvB K¨vjwmqvg wmwj‡KU (25%)-2CaO. SiO 2|  cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW + cøvRwg
 wRcmvgwm‡g‡›Ui RgvU euvav cÖwµqv gš
i Kiv. (iii) UªvBK¨vjwmqvg A¨vjywg‡bU (10%) 3CaO. Al 2O 3|
 C wimvBK¬sG kw³ e¨q nq15% (iv) ‡UUªvK¨vjwmqvg A¨vjywg‡bv †divBU-4CaO.Al 2O 3.Fe 2O 3.
 Kqjv `n‡b Drcbœ QvB30-35% (v) wm‡g‡›Ui cÖavb Dcv`vb-K¨vjwmqvg/ CaO|
 b¨v‡bv †jqvi 1-100nm (vi) LP Gi Dcv`vbn- weD‡Ub, †cÖv‡cb, iso- weD‡Ub,
 GKwU mvaviY e¨vK‡Uwiqvi •`N©¨1000nm weDwUb, B‡_b, †cÖvwcwj|
 gvby‡li GKwU Pz‡ji e¨vm50000nm
 4 wU H cigvYy cvkcvwk ivL‡j •`N©¨1nm ivmvqwbK ms‡KZ
 H Gi cvigvbweK e¨vmva37pm  cUvm †dj¯úvi- K 2O, Al 2O 3, 6SiO 2
©
 ‡mvWv †dj¯úvi- Na 2O, Al 2O 3. 6SiO 3
©
 Cs Gi cvigvbweK e¨vmva265pm
 Kve©b b¨v‡bvwUDe Gi e¨vm-2nm-30nm, AvqZb10 -  jvBg †dj¯úvi- CaO, Al 2O 3, 6SiO 2
24 3  µv‡qvjvBU3NaF, AlF 3
dm .
 `xN© Kve©b b¨v‡bvwUDe18.5cm  g¨vM‡bmvBU- MgCO 3
0
 mvaviY ¯^‡Y©i Mjbv¼1064 c  W‡jvgvBU- CaCO 3, MgCO 3
0
 2.5nm Gi ¯^‡Y©i Mjbv¼300 c  gyjvBU-3Al 2O 3. 2SiO 2
 wµ‡÷v‡ejvBU-4SiO 2.
 †Kvqv›Uvg WUm Gi e¨vm1nm-10nm  ‡evib Kve©vBU- B 2C.

 ‡UjK- 3HgO. 4SO 2. H 2O.
ivmvqwbK mshyw³  wRcmvg- CaSO 4. 2H 2O.
 mvaviY KvP-(Na 2O.CaO.6SiO 2)  jvBg- CaO.
 100% SiO 2  eªvBb- NaCl Gi Mvp `ªeY|
 35% Na 2CO 3  K¨vjwmqvg nvB‡WªvmvjdvBW- Ca(HS) 2
 35% CaCO 3  e·vBU- Al 2O 3, 2H 2O.

 cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +*

cøvRwgW -24