Page 6 - chemistry exclusive short suggestion

P. 6

imvqb G·K¬zwmf mv‡Rkb
 cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +*
 cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW * cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW  cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +  cøvRwgW  cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW  +  cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW +*
2
6
‡hme †¶‡Î ns np Gi Zzjbvq A¨vbvq‡bi weK…wZ/†cvjviY †ewk  A‡Uv-‡gvevBj ¯úK©k cøvM-G e¨eüZ nq MgO,
gvÎvq N‡U| Al 2O 3.
[A_©vr A¨vbvq‡bi  I  AiweUv‡ji B‡jKUªb _v‡K]  AcwUK¨vj dvBev‡ii cÖavb Dcv`vbSiO 2.
 wµ÷vj wdì gZev`t G gZev` †_‡K AiweUvjmg~‡ni bb-  ¯
vqx WvB‡cvjvi Ab HCl, H 2O, NH 3.
y
wW‡Rbv‡iU Ae¯
v Rvbv hvq|  AvšÍt AvYweK H eÜb HF, H 2O, A¨vj‡Kvnj, †dbj|
 ‡hvRbx eÜb ZË¡ t G ZË¡ Øviv RwUj Avqb m„wói e¨vLv †`Lv  AšÍt AvYweK H eÜbA‡_©v-bvB‡Uªv‡dbj, A‡_©v-nvBWªw·
hvq| †ebRvjwWnvBW|
 nvBweªWvB‡Rkb gZve`t G gZev‡`i mvims‡¶c-  mvaviY wjM¨vÛ NH 3, H 2O, Cl , CN .
-
-
(i)ïaygvÎ GKK wew‪Qbœ cigvYyi AiweUv‡j msKiYNU‡Z cv‡i|

(ii)GKB kw³¯Í‡ii cÖvq mgkw³m¤úbœ AiweUvj msKi‡Y Ask †bq| Aa¨vq -4 : ivmvqwbK cwieZ©b
mwµqZv µg
 n¨v‡jv‡Rb nvBWªvwm‡Wi kw³ µg-HI>HBr>HCl>HF.
 AvqwbKiY kw³i µg Be>B, N>O, P>S. msL¨vMZ Z_¨t
 ¶vi avZzi nvB‡Wªkb Gb_vjwc
+
+
+
+
+
Li >Na >K >Rb >Cs .  wMÖb †Kwgwóªi g~jbxwZ12wU|
 g„r¶vi avZzi mwµqZv Ba>Sr>Ca>Mg>Be.  wMÖb †Kwgwóªi mgv_©K bxwZ3wU|
 g„r¶vi avZzi nvB‡Wªkb Gb_vjwc  mvs‡køwlK c×wZ mg‡n Drcv‡`i m‡e©v‪P cwigvb 70%-90%.
~
2+
2+
2+
2+
2+
Be >Mg >Cs >Sr >Ba .  Av`ª© evqy‡Z Smog Gi p  2.

H
 Dckw³¯Íi wfwËK AvqwbKiYwefe  cÖwZ 10 C ZvcgvÎv e„w×‡Z wewµqvi nvi e„w× cvq2/3 ¸Y|
0
©
c~Ykw³¯Íi >Aa©-c~Y©>AvswkK| 0 -1
 n¨v‡jv‡Rb-Gi RviY ¶gZv I 2<Br 2<Cl 2<F 2.  27 C ZvcgvÎvq mwµqb kw³55KJmol .
 Group-IA Gi weRviY ¶gZv Li<Na<K<Rb<Cs.  CFC M¨v‡mi RxebKvj100 eQi|
 B‡jKUªb Avmw³i µgCl>F>Br>I>At.  HCFC M¨v‡mi RxebKvj2-10 eQi|
 1 Aby A¨vbnvB‡WªR GbRvBg 1 min- G H 2CO 3 Gi 360
 Zwor FYvZ¥KZvF>Cl>Br>I>At. j¶ Aby‡K we‡qvwRZ Ki‡Z cv‡i|
 ch©vq wfwËK AvqwbKiY kw³  cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +  cøvRwgW  cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +  cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + 0  cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW +* cøvRwgW + * cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +cøvRwgW
d- Dckw³ ¯Íi> P- Dckw³ ¯Íi >s- Dckw³ ¯Íi|  cÖfveb wµqvq cÖ‡qvRbxq ZvcgvÎv 37 C.
H
 cÖfveb wµqvi p = 7.
 B‡jKUªb †Rvo weKl©Y  bp-bp<bp-lp<lp-lp. 0
 mg‡hvRx •ewk‡ó¨i e„w×  HI M¨vm Drcv`‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq ZvcgvÎv450 C.
BaCl 2>SrCl 2>CaCl 2>MgCl 2>BeCl 2.  ivmvqwbK mv‡g¨i •ewkó¨4wU|
 AwaK NH 3 Drcv`‡b cÖ‡qvRbxq Pvc130-300atm.
D`vniY  ‡nevi †evm c×wZ‡Z NH 3 Drcv`b nq15-25%.
0
 A¨vj‡Kvnj I A¨vwm‡Uvb-G AwaK `ªeYxq  NH 3 Drcv`‡b AZ¨vbyKzj ZvcgvÎv400 C Ges Pvc-
LiCl , LiBr , LiI . 200atm.
 A¤øag©x B 2O 7, CO 2, SiO 2, P 2O 5, P 2O 3, SO 3,SO 2,  S -Gi `n‡b H  0  297 KJmol  1 .
8
Cl 2O 7.  SO 2(g) Gi Rvi‡b Drcbœ Zvc,
 RviYag©xSnO 2, PbO 2.  H   99 KJmol  1 .
 Dfag©x SnO 2, PbO, Al 2O 3, BeO, ZnO.  SO 3(g) Gi nvB‡Wªkb Zvc  H=-132KJmol .
-1
 ¶viag©x NH 3,PH 3, Na 2O, Cu 2O, K 2O, FeO, 3
CaO, MgO.  H 2 SO 4 Drcv`‡b w÷g wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ Zvc Ask|
 wbi‡c¶ NO, N 2O, H 2O, CO. 4
 wgkª A¨vbnvBWªvBW NO 2.  mvg¨ve¯
vq wewµqvi I Drcv` MYbv‡hvM¨ cwigv‡b _v‡K hLb

3
3
 d- eøK fy³ †d‡ivg¨vM‡bwUK Fe, CO. Ke Gi gvb = 10 †_‡K 10 . 3

 d- eøK fy³ Wvqvg¨vM‡bwUKSc  3 , Ti  4 , Zn  2 , Cu .  wewµq‡Ki †P‡q Drcv` †ewk hLb, Kc  10 .  3

 Ae¯
všÍi †g․j bq Zn , Se. mvg¨ve¯
vq-wewµqK Drcv‡`i†P‡q ewk n‡e, hLb K  10 .
a
 25 0 C ZvcgvÎvq cvwbi †gvjvi NbgvÎv = 55 5 . M.
 Weak-field wjM¨vÛ H 2O.
.
0
 Strong-field wjM¨vÛ eN.  cvwbi K Gi gvb 10 0 C-G = 292 10  14 .
w
1
M
 A¨vwmwUK GwmW Rjxq `ªe‡b we‡qvwRZ nq0.42%
 cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW + cøvRwgW +*

cøvRwgW -10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11