Page 9 - Module 1-Anatomy and Physiology of Growth Hormone Function Final (Interactive)

Module 1: Anatomy and Physiology of Growth Hormone

Figure 4. Pituitary hormones and target organs

Posterior pituitary lobe
The posterior pituitary is an extension of the hypothalamus. However, it does not
produce hormones but rather stores and secretes hormones produced in the
hypothalamus, including vasopressin and oxytocin.
Posterior lobe hormones

• Vasopressin: also called antidiuretic hormone (ADH); regulates the amount of
water excreted by the kidneys and is therefore important in maintaining water
balance in the body.

• Oxytocin: causes the uterus to contract during childbirth and immediately after
delivery to prevent excessive bleeding; also stimulates contractions of the milk
ducts in the breast. In men, at the time of ejaculation, oxytocin is released into the
systemic circulation and stimulates contractions of the reproductive tract, aiding
sperm release.

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