a) 2 S = n 5 ( n + ) 8 n S = 10 . 5 ( 10+ ) 8 S = 9 . 5 ( 9 + ) 8 10 9 = 10 ( 58 ) = 9(53) = 580 = 477 U = S − S n− 1 n n U = S − S 9 10 10 = 580 - 477 = 103