Page 454 - Libro 2

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INDEX
preoperative evaluation, hemodialysis access grafts, fistulae (continued)
scanning techniques, 400–402, 401f, 402f sonographic examination technique, 400, 400f technical considerations, 402
pressure–volume relationships, 29, 29f protocol requirements, chronic venous
valvular insufficiency (CVVI) testing,
270–271
pseudoaneurysm (PA), 67, 195, 355
carotid system uncommon pathology, 74–75
evaluation, special considerations, 202 PTFE. See polytetrafluoroethylene
PTV. See posterior tibial vein
pubic bones, 311
pulmonary embolus, 329 pulsatility, 93
pulse volume recording (PVR). See
plethysmography
Q
quality assurance (QA), 427
chi-square test, 429-431, 428f, 430f, 430t
statistics quiz, 431, 431f statistics
accuracy, 428
diagnostic tests comparison, 427–428 negative predictive value, 429 positive predictive value, 429 reliability, 429
sensitivity, 428
specificity, 428–429
quality of life questionnaires, chronic venous valvular insufficiency (CVVI), 265–266
R
radial vein, scanning technique, 238, 238f radiation-induced arterial injury (RIAI), 76, 76f radiation-induced arteritis, 200
RAS. See renal artery stenosis
RAT. See renal artery thrombosis Raynaud’s syndrome, 123, 157, 164.
See also cold sensitivity reactive hyperemia, 61–63
recanalization, 245
superficial venous system, 259, 259f
reflux, 261
quantification, chronic venous valvular
insufficiency (CVVI), 274, 274b rejection of transplant, kidney, 361
reliability, quality assurance (QA) statistics, 429 renal artery
accessory, identification, 318, 318f disease etiology, 315, 315b, 316b interrogation, 312f, 316–318, 317f, 318f normal, 320, 320f
occlusion, 320–321
renal artery stenosis (RAS), 311, 364–365,
365f, 366f
clinical applications, ultrasound contrast
agents (UCAs), 418, 419f flow-reducing (greater than 60%), 320, 321f less than hemodynamic significance
(less than 60%), 320
renal artery stent, 311
sonographic examination, 323–324, 324f
renal artery thrombosis (RAT), 363, 363f, 364f renal cortex, 311
renal hilar evaluations, indirect, 321–322, 322f renal hilum, 311
renal medulla, 311
renal ostium, 311
renal parenchymal disease, 311
renal revascularization, successful, prediction,
324 renal sinus, 311
renal size determination, 318
renal stents, sonographic examination,
323–324, 324f renal vasculature, 311–312
anatomy, 312–314, 312f, 313f, 314f diagnosis
abdominal aorta, common iliac arteries, 319–320
indirect renal hilar evaluations, 321–322, 322f
intrinsic parenchymal dysfunction, 321
vein evaluation, 323
sonographic examination techniques, 315
equipment, 316
patient preparation, positioning, 315–316 scanning, 316–319
renal vein thrombosis (RVT), 364, 364f, 364t evaluation, 319, 319f
renal–aortic ratio, current criteria, diagnosis, 322–323, 323t
renal–aortic velocity ratio, 311
repetitive stress injury, avoiding, 37 resistance to venous flow, 20–22, 21f, 27 rest pain, 123
restenosis, 85, 85b
reticular veins, 261
retrograde, orthograde bypass grafts, 170 retroperitoneal applications, ultrasound
contrast agents (UCAs), 417–421 retroperitoneum, 329
revascularization, 381
RIAI. See radiation-induced arterial injury right coronal oblique, patient positioning,
hepatoportal duplex ultrasound, 341 right transverse costal margin, patient
positioning, hepatoportal duplex
ultrasound, 341
RVT. See renal vein thrombosis
S
saccular, 281
sagittal left lobe, patient positioning, hepato-
portal duplex ultrasound, 341 saphenous vein. See great saphenous vein,
small saphenous vein.
scan preparation, reading operative report,
mesenteric artery scanning, 303–304,
304f scanning technique
anterior tibial vein (ATV), 217–218 aorta, iliac arteries, protocols
abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA), 282–283, 282f, 283f