Page 452 - Libro 2

432
INDEX
lower extremity venous system, duplex imaging (continued)
pathophysiology, 213, 213t
signs, symptoms, 213, 214t sonographic examination techniques
equipment selection, 214–215
patient preparation, position, 214, 214f pitfalls, 221, 221f
technical considerations, 220–221
sonographic examination techniques, scanning, 215
anterior tibial vein (ATV), 217–218 common femoral (CFV), great saphenous
veins (GSVs), 215–216, 215f, 216f common tibial, peroneal trunks, 218–219,
219f
femoral (FV), deep femoral veins (DFVs),
216–217, 216f, 217f
gastrocnemius veins, 218, 218f
iliac veins, imaging, 220, 221f
initial examination position, 215 peroneal veins, 219, 219f, 220f popliteal vein, 217, 217f, 218f posterior tibial veins (PTVs), 219, 219f small saphenous vein (SSV), 218, 218f soleal sinus veins, 219–220, 220f tibioperoneal trunk, 218
treatment, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), 230 lymphedema, 261
M
MCA. See middle cerebral artery
median cubital vein, scanning technique, 237,
237f
mesenteric arteries, 297–298
anatomical variants, 299, 299t anatomy, 298–299, 298f diagnosis, 305, 305t
disorders, 306
acute mesenteric ischemia, 307–308 aneurysm, 306–307, 307f, 307t dissection, 303f, 307, 308b, 308f median arcuate ligament compression
syndrome, 306, 306f sonographic examination techniques
documentation, required, 299–300 patient preparation, position, 299 pitfalls, 304–305
scanning, 300–301, 300f
technical considerations, 301–304
test meal, 301
stented visceral arteries, 305
mesenteric artery interrogation, 312f, 316–318, 317f, 318f
microbubbles, 411
microintroducer, 391
middle cerebral artery (MCA), Doppler duplex
imaging, 109, 109f
N
near-infrared imaging, chronic venous valvular insufficiency (CVVI), 276
necrosis, acute tubular (ATN), kidney transplantation, 361
negative predictive value, quality assurance (QA) statistics, 429
neoplastic obstruction, inferior vena cava (IVC), iliac veins, 333
nonatherosclerotic arterial pathology, evaluation, special considerations, 195
aneurysms, 206–207
duplex ultrasound techniques, 196 embolic disease, 200
arterial embolic sources, 202
cardioembolic disease, 200–202, 202f injury, traumatic, iatrogenic, 202
arterial occlusions, 204–205 arteriovenous fistulae, 204 pseudoaneurysms, 202
popliteal artery entrapment syndrome, 205–206
sonographic examination techniques, 196 vascular arteritis, 195–196
giant cell, 195–197 radiation-induced, 200
Takayasu’s, 197
thromboangitis obliterans (Buerger’s
disease), 197–200
nonatherosclerotic peripheral vascular disease,
195
nontunneled central vascular access devices,
393
normal color, spectral Doppler, lower
extremity venous system, 222,
222f, 223f
normal renal artery, 320, 320f
O
OA. See ophthalmic artery
obstruction, neoplastic, inferior vena cava
(IVC), iliac veins, 333 occlusion
embolic stenosis and, 117, 117t intracranial stenosis and, 115–117, 116t upper extremity arterial duplex scanning,
164f operation
kidney transplantation, 356–357, 356f
liver transplantation, 368–370
operative report reading, mesenteric artery
scanning, 303–304, 304f
ophthalmic artery (OA), transcranial Doppler
duplex imaging, 106, 107f
orbital approach, intracranial cerebrovascular
examination
standard transcranial Doppler (TCD), 100,
102f
transcranial Doppler duplex imaging (TCDI),
106
organ transplants, ultrasound contrast agents
(UCAs), 419–420, 420f orthograde, retrograde bypass grafts, 170 orthotopic transplant, 355
P
PA. See pseudoaneurysm
parenchymal dysfunction, intrinsic, diagnosis,
321