Page 450 - Libro 2

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INDEX
hemodialysis access grafts, fistulae (continued) preoperative evaluation
patient assessment, 400, 401f
patient preparation, positioning, 400 pitfalls, 402
scanning techniques, 400–402, 401f, 402f sonographic examination technique, 400,
400f
technical considerations, 402
sonographic examination technique diagnosis, 407, 407f
disorders, 407, 407f, 408b
patient assessment, 405
patient preparation, positioning, 404–405 scanning, 405–406, 406f
technical considerations, 406–407
hemodynamics, disease, 23–24, 24f hepatic applications, ultrasound contrast
agents (UCAs), 418, 418f hepatic artery
anatomy, 340
diagnosis, 344, 344f scanning technique, 300
hepatic veins
anatomy, 340
diagnosis, 343–344, 344f
hepatofugal, 339
hepatopetal, 339
hepatoportal duplex ultrasound, 341 hepatoportal system, 339
anatomy, 339
hepatic artery, 340
hepatic veins, 340
portal venous system, 339–340, 340f
diagnosis, 342
hepatic artery, 344, 344f
hepatic veins, 343–344, 344f
inferior vena cava, 344–345, 345f portal vein, 342–343, 343f
splenic vein, 343, 343f
superior mesenteric vein (SMV), 343,
343f disorders, 345
Budd-Chiari syndrome, 351–352, 352b congestive heart failure, 351, 351f
portal hypertension, 345–350
portal venous thrombosis (PVT), 350–351,
350f, 351b, 351f
sonographic examination techniques
patient preparation, positioning, 341, 341t pitfalls, 342
scanning, 341–342, 342f
technical considerations, 342
HI. See harmonic imaging
hydronephrosis, kidney transplantation, 362 hydrostatics, 27–29, 28f
hyperemia, 169
hyperplasia, 185
I
iatrogenic injury, carotid artery, B-mode characteristics, 44–45, 45f
iliac arteries. See aorta, iliac arteries
iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS),
334–335
iliac veins
imaging technique, 220, 221f inferior vena cava (IVC) and, 329
IMA. See inferior mesenteric artery immunosuppression drugs, 355
implanted ports, central vascular access device
placement, 393, 393f in situ bypass, 169
grafts, 170
increased hepatic artery flow. See arterialization indirect renal hilar evaluations, 321–322, 322f inertia, 17
viscosity and, 18
inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), 297
scanning technique, 300, 301f inferior vena cava (IVC)
filter, 329
filter placement, duplex ultrasound
guidance, 335
hepatoportal system, diagnosis, 344–345, 345f
inferior vena cava (IVC), iliac veins, 329 anatomic variants, 330
anatomy, 330, 330t
diagnosis, 332
color, power Doppler, 333–334
inferior vena caval interruption, 333, 333f neoplastic obstruction, 333
spectral Doppler characteristics, 334–335,
334f
thrombosis, 332–333, 332f
pathology, 336b
sonographic examination techniques, 330
patient preparation, positioning, 330–331
scanning, 331–332, 331f, 332t infiltration, 391
infrainguinal, 381 injury
arterial, radiation-induced (RIAI), 76, 76f arterial, traumatic, iatrogenic, 202–205 iatrogenic, carotid artery, B-mode
characteristics, 44–45, 45f repetitive stress, avoiding, 37
in-stent restenosis (ISR), 81, 88–89, 89t intermittent imaging, ultrasound contrast
agents (UCAs), 413–414 interrogation, aorta, mesenteric, renal arteries,
312f, 316–318, 317f, 318f interventional procedures, ultrasound following,
185–186, 186t. See also surgery,
intervention, ultrasound following sonographic examination techniques
diagnosis, 187f, 189–191, 189t, 190f, 191f, 191t
patient preparation, positioning, 186, 187f scanning, 187, 188f, 189f
surveillance protocol, 191–192, 191b technical considerations, 187–189
intima, 391
intimal flaps, 67, 69–72
intracranial applications, ultrasound contrast
agents (UCAs), 416, 418f
intracranial cerebrovascular examination, 93–94
anatomy, 94, 94f applications, 113
abnormalities observed during, 114b acute stroke, 119