Page 456 - Libro 2

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INDEX
sonographic examination technique (continued) preoperative evaluation, hemodialysis access
grafts, fistulae, 400, 400f renal vasculature
equipment, 316
patient preparation, positioning, 315–316 scanning, 316–319
superficial venous system
patient preparation, position, 250–251,
251f pitfalls, 256
scanning, 251–255, 252–256f, 256t
technical considerations, 255–256 specificity, 427
quality assurance (QA) statistics, 428–429 spectral analysis, 35
arterial bypass grafts, 178–180, 179f, 180f, 181f, 182b
lower extremity arteries, 151–152, 151f, 151t, 152f, 153b
spectral broadening, 35 spectral Doppler
lower extremity venous system, 222, 222f, 223f, 227, 228f
waveforms, chronic venous valvular insufficiency (CVVI), 273, 273f
spectral Doppler characteristics, 45 flow velocity measurement, 55–56 inferior vena cava (IVC), iliac veins,
334–335, 334f
waveform contour, 45–47, 46f, 47f, 48f
“steal” contours, 48–49, 48f, 49f
vessel-specific abnormal, 50–51, 50–54f spider vein, 261
splanchnic, 297
splenic artery, scanning technique, 300 splenic vein, diagnosis, 343, 343f
SSV. See small saphenous vein standard transcranial Doppler (TCD)
examination technique, 98–100,
99t, 101t
foramen magnum approach, 105, 106f orbital approach, 100, 102f
temporal approach, 100–104, 103f, 104f, 105f
statistics, quality assurance (QA) accuracy, 428
diagnostic tests comparison, 427–428 negative predictive value, 429 positive predictive value, 429 reliability, 429
sensitivity, 428
specificity, 428–429
statistics quiz, chi-square test, 431, 431f “steal” waveform contours, 48–49, 48f, 49f stenosis, 391
renal artery (RAS), 364–365, 365f, 366f stent, 185, 281
stent fracture, migration, carotid artery, 88, 89f stented visceral arteries, 305
stenting, carotid artery (CAS), 81, 85–91
sterile technique, 381
stroke, acute, transcranial Doppler (TCD) use,
119
subclavian steal, diagnosis, 60–63, 62f subclavian vein, scanning technique, 236, 236f
submandibular approach, intracranial cerebrovascular examination, 98, 99f
transcranial color Doppler imaging (TCDI), 112, 112f
superficial epigastric vein, 261
superficial veins, 211–212, 233
superficial venous system, mapping, 245–246
anatomy
cephalic, basilic veins, 250, 250f
great saphenous vein, 246–249, 246–249f,
246t, 248t
small saphenous vein (SSV), 249–250,
250f
diagnosis, 247f, 256–257, 257f disorders, 257, 258b
calcification, 259 recanalization, 259, 259f thrombus, 257, 258f
valve abnormalities, 259, 259f varicosities, 258, 258f
sonographic examination techniques patient preparation, position, 250–251,
251f pitfalls, 256
scanning, 251–255, 252–256f, 256t
technical considerations, 255–256 superior mesenteric artery (SMA), 297
scanning technique, 300, 301f
superior mesenteric vein (SMV), diagnosis,
343, 343f
superior vena cava, upper extremity venous
system and, 8–10, 9f, 10f suprasternal notch, 311
surgery, intervention, ultrasound following, 81. See also interventional procedures,
ultrasound following
carotid artery stenting (CAS), 81, 85–86
diagnosis, 88–91, 88b
sonographic examination techniques,
86–88, 87f techniques, 86
carotid endarterectomy (CEA), 81–82 diagnosis, 84–85, 84f
eversion vs. traditional CEA, 83 sonographic examination techniques,
82–84
surgical patches, 82
surveillance, 381
protocol, ultrasound following interventional
procedure, 191–192, 191b Sviri ratio, 93
symphysis pubis (pubic bones), 311 systolic pressures, arterial disease, 125
ankle–brachial indices, 127, 127t, 128f examination technique, 125–126, 126f exercise testing, 127t, 129–130, 130f segmental limb, 127–128, 128f
diagnosis, 129, 129t examination technique, 128–129
T
Takayasu’s arteritis, 157, 195, 197
targeted ultrasound contrast agents (UCAs),
413