Page 37 - parasitology for medical and clinical laboratoryprofessionals

Epidemiology and Conditions Leading to Parasitic Infestations 17

TABLE 2-1 Examples of Major Organisms Involved in the Following Parasitic Diseases

DISEASE CAUSATIVE ORGANISM
Amoebiasis Entamoeba histolytica; Acantha moeba sp.; Naegleria fowleri
Ascariasis Ascaris lumbricoides
Cestodiasis Taenia solium; Taenia saginata
Clonorchiasis Clonorchis sinensis
Cryptosporidiosis Cryptosporidium sp.; Isospora belli
Cyclosporiasis Cyclospora cayetanensis
Dracunculiasis Dracunculus meninensis
Giardiasis Giardia lamblia
Leishmaniasis Leishmania sp.
Loiasis Loa loa
Lymphatic filariasis Wuchereria bancrofti
Malaria Plasmodium sp.
Microsporidiosis Numerous genera and species
Onchocerciasis Onchocerca sp.
Opisthorchiasis Opisthorchis felineus
Paragonimiasis Paragonimus westermani
Pneumonia *Pneumocystis carinii (P. jirovecii)
Schistosomiasis Schistosoma mansoni; S. hematobium; S. japonicum
Strongyloidiasis Strongyloides stercoralis
Toxoplasmosis Toxoplasma gondii
Trichinosis Trichinella spiralis
Trypanosomiasis, African, South American Trypanosoma sp.

*Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP), or pneumocystosis, is a form of pneumonia chiefly found in those persons afflicted with
cancer or HIV infections and caused by the yeast-like fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii. P. carinii is no longer correct for the
human variant but is still in common use in many facilities and medical practices.

Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

FIGURE 2-1 Gathering water from a local pond, FIGURE 2-2 Epidemiological survey for control of
which is used as a source of drinking water sleeping sickness, measles, yellow fever, and malaria