Page 173 - Area 9 - Relevant Document

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b) Taungya System

- Originated in Burma
(Burmese term for hill is
“taung” and “ya” is
cultivation). Cropping
system which involves
simultaneous
combination of the two
components during the
early stages of forest
plantation establishment.
Wood production is its
ultimate goal. When
canopy closes, agricultural
- crops ceased already. Plate 13: Taungya System

D. Based on Socio-economic groupings

this refers to the purpose of the system with regard to
human livelihoods, usually broken down into subsistence,
commercial, and/or intermediate productions systems.
Agroforestrymay be promoted to meets specific
social goals such as poverty alleviation and food security.

a) Commercial Type of Agroforestry - for commercial purposes

b) Intermediate Agroforestry - for subsistence and profit

c) Subsistence Agroforestry - to satisfy basic needs and no
excess for profit

E. Based on Agro-ecological Zones

On an ecological basis: this refers to the suitability of the
agroforestry system for a given environment. Thus, there are
different types of agroforestry for tropical, temperate and arid
environments that take into account the environmental,
ecological and biological conditions of each area.

a) Forest
b) Kaingin
c) Ricefield/Settlement