Page 4 - Bigyan Katha October 2020

4
A‡±vei 2020
cvðv‡Z¨i K‡qKRb weÁvbx I gbxlxi Rxeb wb‡q we`¨vmvMi iPbv K‡ib ÒRxebPwiZÓ (1850),hLbZviu eqm30eQi|‡KvcvwbK© vm, M¨vwjwjI,wbDUb,nv‡kj© ,wjwbqv‡miRxebx AZ¨šÍ mnR fvlvq wZwb Av‡jvPbv K‡ib|
MšÖ w’ Ui c_Ö g ms¯‹i‡Yi fw~ gKvq wZwb e‡jb, ÒRxebPwiZ cv‡V wØwea g‡nvcKvi jvf nq| ievU©IDBwjqvg‡P¤v^m©eûmsL¨Kmcy wÖm× gnvbfy ew`‡MieË„ všÍmsKjbKwiqvBs‡iwR fvlvq ‡h RxebPwiZ c¯y ÍK cKÖ vk Kwiqv‡Qb, Zvnv evsjv fvlvq Abey vw`Z nB‡j GZ‡Ïkxq we`¨v_x© M‡Yi c‡ÿ wewkóiƒc DcKvi `wk‡© Z cv‡i GB Avkvq Avwg GB c¯y ͇Ki Abey v‡`
ceÖ Ë„ nBqvwQjvg|Ó Avðh© jv‡M hLb ‡`wL ms¯‹Z... K‡j‡Ri wkÿv wb‡q GK e1⁄2xq eva þY mšÍvb wÎk eQ‡ii Kg eq‡m Abey v` K‡i P‡j‡Qb BD‡ivcxq weÁvbx‡`i Rxebx, hv‡`i Ici `vwu o‡q Av‡Q Avawy bK weÁvb ZË|¡ evsjvfvlvq weÁvbx‡`i RxebPwiZ Av‡jvPbv
I MšÖ ’ cKÖ vk c_Ö g we`¨vmvMiB K‡ib|
GB M‡Ö š’ Bs‡iwR ‰eÁvwbK kã¸wji evsjv
cwÖ Zk‡ãi Rb¨ wZwb ms¯‹Z... fvlvi mvnvh¨
‡bb, ÔRxebPwiZÕG wZwb 74wU Bs‡iwR k‡ãi evsjv cwÖ Zkã mw„ ó K‡ib, ‡hgb, ‡R¨vwZwe`© ¨v (Astronomy), ‡RvwZ®‹ (Heavenly bodies), Qvqvc_ (Milky way), bxnvwiKv (Nabula), cvwUMwYZ (Arithmetic), ‡K›`Ö (Centre),
w¯w’ Z¯v’ cKZv (Elasticity) BZ¨vw`| we`¨vmvMi KZ... cwÖ Zkã AvRI ¯”^ Q‡›` e¨envi n‡q
P ‡ j ‡ Q | M šÖ w ’ U i c _Ö g m s ¯ ‹ i ‡ Y i m g ¯ Í K w c Qgv‡mi g‡a¨ weμx n‡q hvq| welqe¯iÍy AvKlY© , Zviu mjy wjZ fvlv I Dc¯v’ cbvi Rb¨B MšÖw’URbwcqÖ n‡qwQj|
we`¨vmvM‡ii D‡jLø ‡hvM¨ MšÖ ’ Ò‡ev‡av`qÓ (wkïwkÿv, PZ_y f© vM) cKÖ vwkZ nq 1851 mv‡j GwcjÖ gv‡m| MšÖ ’wUi A‡bKUv AskB cKÖ w... Z
we`¨vmvMi wÎk eQi eq‡mB Dcjwä K‡iwQ‡jb wkï‡`i e¨vKiY, mvwnZ¨ wkÿvi cvkvcvwk Avawy bK weÁv‡bi aviYvi m‡1⁄2 cwiwPZ n‡Z n‡e|
weÁvb cmÖ 1⁄2| bvbv Bs‡iwR MšÖ ’ ‡_‡K wewfbœ welq ‡e‡Q wb‡q MšÖ ’wU iwPZ| Z‡e iPbvq Abmy iYKivn‡q‡QÔ‡P¤v^m©iæwW‡g›UmAe b‡jRÕ bvg GKwU Bs‡iwR MšÖ ’‡K| cvÖ wYweÁvb, kvixieË„ ,DwTM¢`we`¨v,c`v_w©e`¨v,imvqbwe`¨v, MwYZ, f‡~ Mvj, fw~ e`¨v welqK cmÖ 1⁄2 GB eB‡Z Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q| Z‡e G¸‡jv c‡y ivcwy i weÁvb ceÖ Ü ejv P‡j bv, wKš‘ G‡Z Av‡Q ‰eÁvwbK `w„ ófw1⁄2|
M šÖ w ’ U i f v l v m n R G e s m Ly c v V ¨ | ‡ e v ‡ a v ` ‡ q Av‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Q c`v_,© Cki¦ , ‡PZb c`v_,© gvbeRvwZ,Bw›`qÖ,Pÿ,zKY,©bvwmKv,wRnev, ZK¡ , fvlv, Kvj, MYbv, A1⁄4, eY,© e¯iÍy AvKvi I cwigvb, avZ,y ¯Y^ ,© ‡iŠc¨, cvi`, mxmv, Zvgv, ‡jŠn, `¯Ív, g`y vÖ , nxiK, KvPu , Rj, hw`, mg`y ,Ö DwTM¢`, mgvR cfÖ w... Z welq| MšÖ w’ Ui ‡k‡l `iy ƒn k‡ãi A_© ‡`Iqv Av‡Q| AwaKvsk iPbvB
mcy wiKwíZfv‡e iwPZ hv weÁvb ceÖ ‡Üi ‰ewkó| ‡Kv‡bv ‡Kv‡bv iPbvq G‡`kxq ixwZ Abmy iY Kiv n‡q‡Q, ‡hgb Kvj kxlK© iPbvwU| Ô‡ev‡av`qÕ wkï‡`i Rb¨ iwPZ| wkï‡`i ‰eÁvwbK aviYvi m‡1⁄2 cwiwPZ Kivi c‡Ö Póvi g‡a¨ Zviu weÁvbgb¯‹Zvi cwiPq| we`¨vmvM‡ii Av‡M ivavKvšÍ ‡`e‡K wkïcv‡V¨ weÁvb Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z ‡`Lv ‡M‡jI we`¨vmvM‡ii iPbv wQj A‡bK ‡ewk AvKlY© xq| ‡ev‡av`‡qi cwiKíbvq ZrKvjxb BD‡ivcxq aviv Abmy iY Kiv n‡qwQj| we`¨vmvMi wÎk eQi eq‡mB Dcjwä K‡iwQ‡jb wkï‡`i e¨vKiY, mvwnZ¨
wkÿvi cvkvcvwk Avawy bK weÁv‡bi aviYvi m‡1⁄2 cwiwPZ n‡Z n‡e|
1851 mv‡ji c‡i we`¨vmvMi bvbv wel‡q cy¯ÍK ev cyw¯ÍKv iPbv Ki‡jI weÁvb cy¯ÍK iPbv Ki‡Z ‡`Lv hvq bv| weaev weevn Av‡›`vjb ev ¯‹yj ¯’vcb wb‡q Zvui e¨¯ÍZv nq‡Zv Zvi GKwU KviY| wKš‘ AvRxeb wZwb weÁvb wkÿvi cÖ‡Póv K‡i ‡M‡Qb|
evsjvq cvðvZ¨ weÁvbPPv© ïiæ n‡qwQj wZbwU cwÖ Zôv‡bi gva¨‡g—KjKvZv ‡gwW‡Kj K‡jR, KjKvZv wekw¦ e`¨vjq I fviZelx© q weÁvb mfv| we`¨vmvM‡iieÜywewkówPwKrmKWvg‡n›`jÖ vj miKvi 1869 mv‡j ÔfviZevmx‡`i weÁvbPPv© i Avewk¨KZvÕ kxlK© ceÖ ‡Ü ÔfviZelx© q weÁvb mfvÕ ¯v’ c‡bi c¯Ö Íve K‡ib| GRb¨ wZwb A_© mvnv‡h¨iAv‡e`bK‡ib(1870)|Zviu GB D‡`¨vM‡K mg_b© K‡i GwM‡q Av‡mb we`¨vmvMi, BDwRb jv‡d›U, iv‡R›`jÖ vj wgÎ cgÖ Ly we‡`¨vrmvnxiv| G‡u `i g‡a¨ c_Ö g ‡_‡KB mwμq fw~ gKv ‡bb we`¨vmvMi| g‡n›`jÖ vj miKv‡ii GKK c‡Ö Póvq msMw„ nZ Pv`u vi cwigvb Avkvbiy ƒc wQj bv| we`¨vmvMi Zviu e¨w3Z,¡ mvgvwRK cfÖ ve, ewy × I Av‡e`b ‡KŠk‡j g‡n›`jÖ vj‡K m‡1⁄2 wb‡q abvX¨ e¨w3‡`i evwo evwo N‡y i weÁvb mfvi Rb¨ ‡h cwigvb Pv`u v msMnÖ K‡ib, Zv ‡`‡L g‡n›`jÖ vjI AevK n‡q hvb| we`¨vmvMi wb‡R nvRvi UvKv Pv`u v ‡`b|
1976 mv‡ji 16B Rvbqy vix ÔfviZxq
weÁvb mfvÕ ev ÔBwÛqvb A¨v‡mvwm‡qkvb di w` Kvwë‡fkb Ad mv‡q‡ÝmÕ cwÖ ZwôZ nq| GB
cwÖ Zôvb c`v_w© e`¨v, imvqb I fZ~ Z¡ welqK wkÿv`v‡bi gva¨‡g c_Ö g KvR ïiæ K‡i| ‡`kxq RvZxqZvev`x fveavivq DØ×y I cwiPvwjZ
wKš‘ BD‡ivcxq av‡u P weÁvb PPv© I M‡elYv RbwcqÖ Ki‡Y GwU Avawy bK fvi‡Zi cvÖ PxbZg weÁvb cwÖ Zôvb| Gi cwiPvjb mwgwZ MwVZ nq QRb Uva w÷ wb‡q, we`¨vmvMi wQ‡jb hvi Ab¨Zg| GB cwÖ Zôvb cwiPvjbvq wZwb mwμq fw~ gKv ‡bb| cieZx© mg‡q wm wf igb mn eû w`Kcvj weÁvbx GB cwÖ Zôv‡bi mv‡_ h3y wQ‡jb|
Cki¦P›`ÖZviu GKvËieQ‡iiRxe‡bcvÖPxb cvwÛ‡Z¨iAÜAbeyZb©vqwb‡R‡Kbvfwyj‡q hwy3ev`xweÁvbgb¯‹Zvwb‡qe‡1⁄2weÁvbwkÿv ceÖ Z‡© b ‡b‡gwQ‡jb| wZwb ïiæ K‡iwQ‡jb cvVkvjvi c_ a‡i—Zviu Ô‡ev‡av`qÕ ¯‹jy cvV¨ MšÖ ’| wKš‘ m‡y hvM ‡c‡q wZwb D”PZi weÁvb M‡elYviD‡`¨v‡MImwμqfw~gKv‡bb|Dwbk kZ‡K e‡1⁄2 weÁvb cmÖ v‡i Zviu c‡Ö Póv AvRI RvwZ‡K weÁvbgb¯‹Zvi Ab‡y ciÖ Yv ‡hvMvq| •
‡jLK wewkó weÁvb ‡jLK Ges weÁvb cÖPviK| B‡gj: jrgbabs1987@gmail.com