Page 384 - Ranah Studi Agraria: Penguasaan Tanah dan Hubungan Agraris

Agrarian and Nonagrarian Bases ...

purchased land to reacquire the mortgaged portion (Gunawan
Wiradi and Makali, 1984).
In all the eight villages where share tenancy is found, the
tenant receives 50 of the gross yield. In each village, however,

at least two and sometimes (Jatisari and Wanarata) as many as
four different arrangements are found for the division of pro-
duction costs (seeds, fertilizers, animal/tractor power, labor,
land tax, irrigation fees) between owner and tenant. Univer-
sally, all labor costs and (where applicable) tractor or animal
hire are paid in full by the share tenant, despite the 1959 Share
Tenancy Regulations which stipulate the sharing of all pro-
duction costs in the same proportion as the sharing of the
product. Modern inputs such as chemicals are also paid in full
by the tenant with the exception of a minority of cases in Jati-
sari; seeds are also provided by the tenant in all cases in most
villages, and in the majority of cases in Sentul, Jatisari, and
Wanarata. The landowner, however, more commonly pays all
or part of land taxes and irrigation fees (Gunawan Wiradi and
Makali 1984: table 4.12, appendix 4.6). In Mariuk and Jatisari,
4
those who wish to obtain share tenancies commonly work first
for some time as a permanent laborer or ‘apprentice’ (ngawula
or magang) for the landowner. In Mariuk, also, wage labor in

the wet season is commonly a precondition for obtaining a
share tenancy on part of the employer’s land in the dry sea-
5
son . Large landowners in this way ensur themselves of a wet-

4 See Table 5.12 and Appendix-Table 5.6 in this volume.
5 cf. the similar arrangement described in Thailand by Anan in Hart
et. al. op.cit. Chapter 5.

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