Page 111 - American Stories, A History of the United States

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4.1

Learn about some key topics related to this chapter with the
4.2 MyHistoryLab Video Series: Key Topics in U.S. History.

1 1713–1763 during the first half of the eighteenth
4.3 Great Britain’s Empire in North america:
century, British North america experienced an increase
in its population largely driven by the arrival of new
4.4
colonists, indentured servants, and slaves. This video
surveys the second wave of immigrants who came from
ireland, Scotland, and the German states, especially
4.5
those ruled by Great Britain’s Hanoverian monarchs. The newcomers contributed to the commercial
success and growth of the British colonies, which, by the 1750s, brought the longstanding colonial
rivalry between England and France to a head during the Seven years’ War.
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of Scots-irish and German settlers anxious to begin a new life in the colonial backcountry. many arrived 2
Scots-irish migration Following the first wave of English settlers to England’s thirteen North
american colonies in the seventeenth century, was followed in the eighteenth century by a new wave

as indentured servants, a form of servitude contract labor that bound workers to masters as a way to
cover the costs of transportation to the colonies. This video also examines how these new arrivals often
settled land in the colonial interior, which entailed increased hardship as well as hostile contact with
Native americans. The Scots-irish settlers not only brought their culture and language, but also a sense of
autonomy from English rule.
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3 The First Great awakening This video features a discussion of the increase in religious and evangelical
activity in the american colonies in the first half of the eighteenth century known as the First Great
awakening. religious leaders such as Jonathon Edwards and George Whitefield preached a new
emphasis on forming an emotional and personal relationship with God rather than relying on the
teachings of learned ministers.
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Seven years’ War The rivalry between the global empires of France and England led to a war in 1754.
despite its alliances with many Native american tribes, France could not overcome the military and logistical 4
superiority provided by the navy and lost most of its colonial possessions in the Western Hemisphere.
although Great Britain gained controll virtually all of North america east of the mississippi river, the
enormous cost of the war contributed to the outbreak of the american revolution.
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had he left the familiar world of tobacco plantations than he came across a self-styled “Hermit,” an
englishman who apparently preferred the freedom of the woods to the constraints of society. “He
has no other Habitation but a green bower or Harbour,” byrd reported, “with a Female Domestick
as wild & as dirty as himself.”
As the boundary commissioners pushed farther into the backcountry, they encountered
highly independent men and women of european descent, small frontier families that byrd
regarded as living no better than savages. He attributed their uncivilized behavior to a diet of
too much pork. “the truth of it is, these People live so much upon swine’s flesh . . . [that it] makes them . . .
extremely hoggish in their temper, & many of them seem to Grunt rather than speak in their ordinary
conversation.” the wilderness journey also brought byrd’s party into contact with Native Americans,
whom he properly distinguished as catawba, tuscarora, Usheree, and soverapponi indians.
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