Page 387 - Basic College Mathematics with Early Integers

364 C HAPTE R 5 I RATIO, PROPORTION, AND MEASUREMENT

Fill in the table to calculate miles per gallon.

Beginning Ending Odometer Gallons of Gas Miles per Gallon
Odometer Reading Reading Miles Driven Used (round to the nearest tenth)
75. 29,286 29,543 13.4
76. 16,543 16,895 15.8

77. 79,895 80,242 16.1
78. 31,623 32,056 11.9

Find each unit rate.

79. The longest stairway is the service stairway for the 80. In the United States, the total number of students
Niesenbahn Cable railway near Spiez, Switzerland. It has enrolled in public schools is 49,610,000.There are 97,300
11,674 steps and rises to a height of 7759 feet. Find the public schools.Write a unit rate in students per school.
unit rate of steps per foot rounded to the nearest tenth Round to the nearest whole. (Source: National Center
of a step. (Source: Guinness World Records) for Education Statistics)

81. In your own words, define the phrase “unit rate.” 82. In your own words, define the phrase “unit price.”

3 lights 3
83. Should the rate be written as ? Explain why 84. Find an item in the grocery store and calculate its
2 feet 2
unit price.
or why not.
Decide whether each value is a ratio written as a fraction in simplest form. If not, write it as a fraction in simplest form.

7.1 1 foot 1 12 inches
85. 86. 87. 4 88.
4.3 30 inches 2 2 feet

89. A grocer will refuse a shipment of tomatoes if the 90. A panty hose manufacturing machine will be repaired
ratio of bruised tomatoes to the total batch is at least if the ratio of defective panty hose to good panty hose
1 to 10.A sample is found to contain 3 bruised is at least 1 to 20.A quality control engineer found 10
tomatoes and 33 good tomatoes. Determine whether defective panty hose in a batch of 200. Determine
the shipment should be refused. whether the machine should be repaired.

91. In 2009, 30 states had primary seat belt laws.These laws allow law enforcement officers to ticket a driver for not
wearing a seat belt, even if no other traffic offense has occurred.The remaining states had secondary seat belt laws,
where a ticket for not wearing a seat belt may be issued only when there is another citable traffic infraction.
(Source: Governors Highway Safety Association)
a. Find the ratio of states with primary seat belt laws to total U.S. states. Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

b. Find the ratio of states with primary seat belt laws to states with secondary seat belt laws.
c. Are your ratios for a and b the same? Explain why or why not.