Page 558 - Fiber Optic Communications Fund

Index 539

diffraction-based multi/demultiplexers, 398, 398 amplifier gain, 379
digital back-propagation, 516–22, 518, 520–521 bit interval, 378
digital signal processing bit transmission, 374–5, 375
adaptive equalizers, 510, 512–3, 510–513 delay-and-add filter, 376, 377
benefits, 497 delay-and-subtract filter, 377, 377
blind equalizers, 513, 513 direct detection modulation scheme comparison,
CD equalization, 506–13, 507–10, 513 379–81, 380
coherent IQ receiver, 497–8, 497–8 duty RZ pulses, 378
digital back-propagation, 516–22, 518, matched filters, 376, 377
520–521 maximum transmission distance, 378–9
effective noise mean, 522 operating frequency, 378–9
FIR filter, 508, 508 optical field envelopes, 375, 376
IF estimation and compensation, 501–3, 501–3 orthogonality, 375–6, 376
impulse response, 523 power spectral density, 379
laser phase noise, 498–500, 500 principles, 374–9, 375–8, 461
multi-span DBP, 521–2, 522 signal energy, 377–8
Nyquist theorem, 509
operators, identity operators, 524 echo pulses, 455–7, 456–7, 467, 467
phase estimation and compensation, 503–6, EDFA. See erbium-doped fibers amplifier (EDFAs)
504, 506 Einstein, Albert, 93, 94
phase unwrapping, 505–6, 506 Einstein coefficients, 97–100
polarization mode dispersion equalization, electroabsorption (EA) modulators, 157, 157–8
513–16, 514–6, 523–4 electromagnetic wave propagation
dipole moment, 421 anomalous dispersion, 30
Dirac delta function, 47–8, 83–4 described, 17, 17–19
direct detection systems energy densities, 18
DPSK, 374–9, 375–8, 461 group velocity, 26–31, 27
FSK systems (See frequency-shift keying (FSK)) group velocity dispersion, 30
IMDD systems, 445–8, 448 inverse group speed, 29, 30
modulation scheme comparison, 379–81, 380 optical intensity, 18
OOK (See OOK systems) phase velocity, 26–31, 27
photodetectors, 219–24, 220–223 power density, 18
principles, 368 prism, light propagation, 29, 29
transmission system design, 316, 319–22, 320, electron microscopy, 110
326–7, 326–7, 331–3 equivalent noise figure, 317, 317–318
dispersion-compensating fibers (DCFs) erbium-doped fibers amplifier (EDFAs)
CD equalization, 506–13, 507–10, 513 absorption cross-section, 276–7
fiber dispersion, 75 amplified spontaneous emission, 280–281
FIR filter, 508, 508 carrier lifetime, 281
impulse response, 523 energy transfer, 277
nonlinear effects, 466–8, 466–71, 486 gain coefficient, 281
principles, 79–81, 80 gain saturation, 280, 280
pulse width/fiber length calculations, 84, 84–6 gain spectrum, 274–5, 275, 285
transmission system design, 331–3 interchannel cross-talk, 281
distributed Bragg reflectors (DBRs), 132, 212, 214 optical intensity, 276
distributed-feedback lasers, 132–3 photon flux density, 275
DPSK systems polarization-dependent gain (PDG), 281