Page 31 - E2 Integrated Workbook STUDENT 2018
P. 31
Alternative approaches to strategy development
3.2 Descriptive schools
Environmental school (reactive) – Strategy develops as a response to forces in the
environment within which it operates.
Cognitive school (mental) – Strategy development is an act of understanding how
the mind works and processing information is the key to understanding strategy
development.
Entrepreneurial school (visionary) – Strategy development is dependent on the
vision and direction of one entrepreneurial individual.
Power school (negotiation) – Strategy results from power struggles within the
organisation and in the market place.
Cultural school (collective) – Strategy development is a process of social interaction
that takes place within the context of beliefs and shared values of the members of the
organisation.
Learning school (emergent) – Strategy emerges as a result of trial and error and
learning within the organisation.
Configuration school (transformation) – Strategy is a conscious act of transforming
an organisation from one state to another.
25
