Page 85 - E2 Integrated Workbook STUDENT 2018

Leadership and management

Leadership

6.1 The difference between management and leadership

While management is getting things done through the efforts of others,
leadership is the process of influencing others to work willingly towards
goals, to the best of their capabilities, or 'getting other people to do
things willingly'.

6.2 Types of leader

 Charismatic – influence from personality

 Traditional – influence from social prejudice

 Situational – being in the right place and the right time

 Appointed – influence from the position held

 Functional – influence by doing things well

6.3 Personality or trait theories

 physical traits, such as drive, energy, appearance and height

 personality traits, such as adaptability, enthusiasm and self-confidence and

 social traits, such as co-operation, tact, courtesy and administrative ability.

Certain other writers selected other personal qualities which were thought to be
desirable in leaders, who are ‘born and not made’

The problem with personality or trait theories is that there are always counter-
examples that can be given – for instance, when one theorist suggested a good
leader must be tactful and courteous, a rude yet effective leader was found.

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