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Business organisation and structure







                                              Pricing issues:

                                               Cost
                                               Customers                          Promotional
                  Product issues:              Competition                        issues:
                                               Corporate objectives
                   Product                                                        Promotion is

                     definition – what        These issues can be                  essentially about
                     exactly the              blended to give a range of           market
                     product should           pricing tactics:                     communication.
                     be                                                            The primary aim is

                  Product                     Cost plus pricing                  to encourage
                                                                                   customers to buy
                     positioning –             Penetration pricing                the products by
                     how does our              Perceived quality pricing          moving along the
                     product                   Price discrimination               AIDA timeline:
                     compare with              Going rate pricing
                     the offerings of          Price skimming                      Awareness
                                                                                     Interest
                     our                       Loss leaders                        Desire
                     competitors?              Captive product pricing             Action

                                                                                   Promotional
                                                                                   techniques
                                                                                   include:
                                                                                    Advertising
                                                                                     Sales

                                                                                      promotion
                                                                                      techniques
                          The 4 P’s                                                  Personal
                                                                                      selling
                                                                                    Public relations





                  Place (distribution) issues:

                  Key decision is whether to sell direct to the ultimate consumer

                  without using middlemen or use the channel strategy which
                  comprises a mixture of retailer, distributors, wholesalers, shipping

                  agents etc








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