Page 36 - THE MELANESIA DIASPORA FILE CETAK ISI 10022017

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Melanesian people from Eastern first connects it with the arrival of four migration waves that happened at different times.
Indonesia, Melanesia and These are: Negrito, Australic, Proto-Malaya and Deutro-Malaya. In addition to these four
Australia.
races, three others may be added: Veddoid, Dravida and Melanesoid in different layers
(Jacob, 1967). The second opinion recognizes just two migration waves, the Australid and
Mongolic. Australid is grouped as a separate race comprising the sub-races of Australid
itself, Melanesid, Papuid and Dwarves (Coon and Hunt, 1965).
Australid has been defined as a sub-race which together with the sub-races Arafurid,
Melanesid, Papuid, and Tasmanid, can be grouped into Australomelanesid Race. The
Australomelanesid race has the characteristics of: average to tall appearance though
some are short, muscular, dark-brown to dark skin, curly to spiral black hair with some
exceptions of corn red hair, hairy, big noses, thick lips, sloping, narrow forehead, average
to oval and high head shape, long oval face, deep nose root, short to tall body. This race
resides in the eastern part of Indonesia, Melanesia, Australia, Tasmania and the neighboring
geographical regions (Jacob, 1976, 1978).
The sub-race Australid refers to the indigenous Australians whose ancestors arrived
at least 45,000 years ago. Evidence can be found of the human remains found in Lake
Munggo, Keilor, Kow Swamp, Cohuna, and so on (Hiscock, 2008, Smith and Sharp, 1993);
they have long heads, flat foreheads, small skulls (1280 cc), wavy to curly hair usually of
dark brown to reddish gold, protruding forehead, short-wide and flat face, wide nose,
and thick lips. The Australid population includes the Australian Aborigines and those
residing in Southeast Asia at the end of the Pleistocene. The rest were found in Niah Cave,
Kalimantan, Malaysia with the age of around 46,000 years ago (Harrisson, 1959) and in
Tabon, the Philippines with an age of around 30,000 years ago (Barker et al., 2007) and
the newest maximum age was around 47,000 years ago (Fox, 1970). These findings were

36 Chapter 1

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