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Eωa円 0.08 唱相 0.07
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主 Nin口gawaetロ.1/Cryobiology73ρ016)30-39
(B)t'=4ms (C)t'=6ms
Nocurent
(E)t'=0ms (F)t'=4ms (G)t'=8111S
35
fig.4.Progresiveintracelularicecrystalformation(IF)intheepidermaltisueofastrawberygeranium(SaxifragasωloniferaCurtis)leafwithorwithoutelectriccurentloading at-1oCfmin.Boldwhitearow:thelocationatwhichintracelularicecrystalsapeared;smalarows:theformationdirectionofintracelularicecrystal;whitebar:25μm;t': elapsedtime(ms)fromtheinitiationofintracelularfrezing.Uperpanels:IFwithelectriccurentloadingof10ドA.Thetemperaturewasaproximately-9.1o.cLowerpanels:IF withoutelectriccurentloading.Thetemperaturewasaproximately-7.80仁 (A)t'=0ms.(B)t'=4ms.(C)t'=6ms.(0)t'=12ms.(E)t'=0ms.(F)'t=4ms.(G)t'=8ms目 (H) t'=12ms
wasindicatedthatelectriccurrentloadingcouldretainintracelular supercoolingforalongertimeatlowertemperatures，evenafterthe distiledwaterbetweenthecoverglaseswasfrozen.
Thedegreeofceldeformation(e)atintracelularfreezingwith electriccurrentloadingwaslesthanwithelectriccurrentloading
approximately62%at1μAand44%at10μA.Itwasindicatedthat the degree of cel l deformation at which intracel lular freezing occurredwasdecreasedduetoelectriccurrentloading.
Sincethedegreeofceldeformationdecreasedwithrespecttoa decreaseinthecharacteristicgrainsizeofintracelularicecrystal [21，] thiswasevaluatedwithorwithoutelectriccurrentloading. Fig. 7A a n d B s h o w the edges of intracel lular ice crystals that g r e w
(Fig. 6).
10.0
U
~ 8.0 白
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~ 4.0
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山
The e with electric current loading decreased to
• Atthedistiledwaterfrezingbetwencoverglases
・AtintraceIlular仕巴ezing
d
0.1 0.09 ~
ElectrIccurrent[1JA]
Electriccurrent[1A]
fig.6.Oegreofceldeformation(e)withorwithoutelectriccurentloadingat-1oCf min.Thedegreofceldeformationdecreasedwithanincreaseoftheelectriccurent loadingvalue.Lower-casealphabeticcharactersshowthestatisticalysignificantdif- ferences betwe en treatments by one-way ANOVA with Tukey-Kramer method (Pく 0.01).Bars:SE(n=10).
fig.5.OegresofsupercoIingatfrezingofdistiIedwaterbetwenthecoverglases andatintracelularfrezing，withorwithoutelectriccurentloadingat-1oCfmin. Lower-casealphabeticcharactersshowthestatisticalysigni白cantdiferencesbetwen treatmentsbyone-wayanalysisofvariance(ANOVA)withTukey一Kramermethod (Pく 0.05).Bars:SE(n=10).
~
'1-
a
(D)t'=12ms
(H)t'=12lTIS
1J m 一 ハリ
同 一 一'
一
O一 け 1一 A