Page 494 - SSB Interview: The Complete Guide, Second Edition

This led to the rise of an armed insurgency movement composed, in part, of
those who unfairly lost the elections. Pakistan supplied these groups with
logistical support, arms, recruits and training.

2004–Present
Beginning in 2004, Pakistan began to end its support for insurgents in

Kashmir. This happened because terrorist groups linked to Kashmir twice
tried to assassinate Pakistani President General Pervez Musharraf. His
successor, Asif Ali Zardari, has continued the policy, calling insurgents in

Kashmir “terrorists”. Although it is unclear whether Pakistan’s intelligence
agency, Inter-Services Intelligence, thought to be the agency aiding and
controlling the insurgency is following Pakistan’s commitment to end support

for the insurgency in Kashmir.

Despite the change in the nature of the insurgency from a phenomenon
supported by external forces to a primarily domestic-driven movement, the

Indian government has continued to send large numbers of troops to the
Indian border and to crackdown on civil liberties. There have been
widespread protests against Indian rule.

Once the most formidable face of Kashmir militancy, the Hizbul
Mujahideen is slowly fading away as its remaining commanders and cadres
are being taken out on a regular interval by security forces.

Reasons for the Insurgency

Humanitarian abuses
Some analysts have suggested that the number of Indian troops in Jammu and

Kashmir is close to 6,00,000 although estimates vary and the Indian
government refuses to release official figures. These troops have engaged in

widespread humanitarian abuses and have engaged in extrajudicial killings.
This has led to support for the insurgency. However, in October 2010, Army
Chief General VK Singh stated in an interview that over 95% of the
allegations of human rights violations proved to be false and had apparently

been levelled with the “ulterior motive of maligning the armed forces”.