Page 5 - Technical E-Booklet Stone Column (Group 3)

INTRODUCTION OF STONE

COLUMN FOR GROUND

IMPROVEMENT.

Wilhelm L. Degen, son of

Johann Degen, co-owner of

Johann Keller since 1920 and
Managing Director and Chief There are a few method or ways to improve ground conditions such

Engineer of Keller until his

death in 1970. He owned as stone column, using helical piles, compaction grouting and etc.
numerous patents, including

the depth vibrator (vibroflot) Ground improvement mainly refers to the improvement of soil

for Vibro Compaction layers but in some cases it also refers to the improvement of rock

(together with Sergej
Steuermann), and various layers. The ground improvement techniques applied are tools used

pioneering Stone Column

related patents by the geotechnical engineer for “fixing” the problems of poor

ground, when a poor ground exists at the project site (Ghanti &

In 1978, Wilhelm F. Degen

and Franz Elchkorn Kashliwal, 2008).

developed the first range of Ground improvement method used is depends on the soil condition.
high performance electrical

Vibroflots, utilizing Stone column that consist of granular material compacted in long

revolutionary internal
design, facilitating a unique cylindrical holes is used as a way to improve the strength and

penetration capacity, which consolidation characteristics of soft clays. The construction of stone

will enable this generation
of machines to reach columns is carried out using either a form of replacement or

numerous world-depths

record in the future. displacement. Native soil is displaced by a vibratory probe using

Expansion of the compressed air laterally for the displacement or dry method. This
Vibroflotation companies

into Germany and Far East . method of installation is suitable where the level of ground water is

low and the soil in situ is firm. For the replacement or wet method,

The theory of load transfer,

estimation of ultimate native soil is replaced by stone columns in a regular pattern where
bearing capacity and the holes are constructed using a vibratory probe accompanied by a

prediction of settlement of

stone columns was first water jet(Lee and Pande, 1998)

proposed by several
researchers (Malarvizhi, 2004)