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From a very early development stage you need to be     This can be a great strategy if you have unlimited capital
        thinking about how to design your product so it’s easy   and unlimited time. Maybe in ten years you’ll have your
        to manufacture. This is called Design-For-Manufacturing   perfect product. Sorry for the sarcasm but I just wanted
        (DFM). The sooner you begin incorporating DFM practices   to drive home the point. Obviously, no one has unlimited
        into your design the easier and less costly it will be when it  money or time so this strategy is almost always a bad idea
        comes time to scale manufacturing.                     (Steve Jobs may be a notable exception).

        For most electronic hardware products the plastic      I instead encourage the strategy known as Minimum
        enclosure is the most complicated part to scale to mass   Viable Product (MVP) which was made popular by Eric
        manufacturing. This is because completely different    Ries in his bestselling book The Lean Startup. Start by
        technologies are used for making plastic prototypes (3D   developing the simplest version of your product with only
        printing) versus production units (injection molding).   the core required features. Get that version on the market
        Injection molding requires adherence to very strict    so you can begin to gather real feedback. Then use that
        design rules, so most plastic pieces require considerable   feedback to create the new and improved version 2.0 of
        modifications to prepare them for injection molding.   your product. This is a strategy commonly employed when
                                                               developing software, but it also works great for hardware.
        #3 – Insufficient quality testing and shipping bad product
                                                               I find that it’s also helpful to begin by listing every feature
        You’ve spent all of this effort and money to get your   you’d like to include. Then do the work to estimate the
        product ready for market.  Don’t ruin your opportunity by   production cost for each feature. Based on your results,
        shipping faulty products to your customers.  In the early   you can then make a better decision on which features you
        stages of manufacturing it’s definitely best to err on the   should include in your product.
        side of too much quality testing.  This is true even if it
        means you won’t make any profit initially.             #5 – Overpromising to customers
        A sure way to kill your startup is to ship a bunch of   Don’t promise something until you have it in your
        defective units. Of course, a small percentage of flaws will   hands. Regardless of when your development team says
        always make it past your testing (no production process   something will be ready, it’s best not to promise anything
        is ever 100% perfect) but you should strive to reduce the   until you have tested the product yourself.
        defect rate to about 1%.
                                                               On the other hand, it’s good to have customers involved
        #4 – Feature creep                                     as early as possible. I’m not advocating that you ignore
                                                               customers until you have inventory ready to ship. Keep
        You may have heard the phrase feature creep before.    them updated on your progress, and perhaps give some
        It’s a common mistake made by a lot of entrepreneurs.   approximate dates. Just don’t overpromise on what you
        You’re passionate about your product, so you want it   can deliver.
        to be perfect. This means not only must everything
        work perfectly but your product also must have every
        conceivable feature.
































         March 2020                                                                                               35
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