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7 Circle the correct form of the verb to complete each sentence.
In the Practice section, students practice

She has dreamed about going (o the North Pole since she was young.
/
dreamed
/
r She has dreamed dreamed about going (o the North Pole last night the grammar using all four skills through

communicctive activities that prepare
2. a. Ihavenever photographed / never photographed animals in the wild bef;
b. We have not photographed / didn't photograph animals when wegaffe in Alaska.

3. a. Last year, my grandfather / went (o Iceland on them for academic work.
gone
has

r My grandfather / went (o Iceland on bysffléss twice since 2005.
has
gone

4. a. They haven't seen / didn't see any n their trip so far.

r ‘They haven't seen / didn't fy bears on (heir trip last month
PRACTICE

8 PRONUNCIATION. Read the chart and listen to the examples. Then complete the exercises.
Grek iter Utes Reduced HaveandHas’ = = “>”
Hoveand has are often contracted or reduced
examples: 3. How many cups of coffee have you boyfht / been buying this week?

Examples: i >
aie Tull Pronunciation 4. How long have you owned / been gAning cell phone’
a

begh
/
lisa has just arrived. 5. What gifts have you gotten getting in the last year?
Most peaple have already left.
Who has she talked to? 6. How many Gimes have you egfen / been eating out this month?

What have you done? 7. How much homework hgfe you already done / been doing this week?
oO 8. What TV programs hgfe you watched / been watching this week?
A Usten to the sentences. Which form of haveshe
form? Check () the comect box. B. SPEAK. Work with o foriner. Ask and answer the questions fram exercise A.
A: How long have yu been taking classes al this school?

1. Lee has always loved animals. B: For wo moi
2. Our neighbors have adopted many animals oy
PRACTICE
3. Who has (aken care of an animal before?
4. We have faced many challenges with our cats 7 Complete the conversations with the words in parentheses. Use the present perfect or
5. Kara has taken her dog lo the park every day present perfect progressive. In some sentences bath forms are passible.
ou / nish) your assignment?
fini
you
animal
(he
6. Tyrone has volunteered shelter: 1a Have you finished (yous finish) y jenment
at
7. Our landlords have made a rule about owning B: Yeah, and now I'm going to get something to eat
8. What have you learned from working with an 2. A (you / find) your keys?
B: No, I'm not sure where they are.
S20 B Work with a partner. Compare fre
answers
your
your answers. 3. A: Is this your phone?
B: Yeah, thanks, (1 Mook for) it everywhere.
4. A: You look exhausted.
— Br Tam, work) for hours.
5. A: Are you crying?
B: No, chop) onions.
6m (you f hear) the news?
B Corio! fle siolomentsin exercise A. Uslen ogainto check your answers Students use their
he
No explorers had been through the Northwest Passage before Franklin new la Ng uage ad nd

11 appuy. critical thinking skills
A Work with o partner. Look of the photo on this page. Imagine what could go wrong on this,
trip. Then complete the chart with your ideas. Use the simple past, past perfect, and past in the Apply sectio n.
perfect progressive.
’ . 45
A Kayaking Trip
What Happened Why i Happened r
1. Whike kayaking, they gat last. y, They hadn't been paying attention
to their location.
2, They got sunburned 2. They hadn't braught any sunblock.
3. They lost pode 3
4 4. Theyhd been walking atoun
5. They got mosauta bites 5
5
5

INSIDE A UNIT Xiii
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