Page 36 - 3rd-year-tourism-2021_Neatترم اول

Not all norms are of equal importance, and the way to discover the relative
importance of a norm is to examine the penalties that society prescribes for violating
it. Penalties for violating a norm can vary from a mere look of disapproval that is
directed towards an individual who speaks in a loud voice during a piano recital, all
the way to the death penalty conferred on someone who has committed a murder. The
norms related to relatively unimportant aspects of behaviors are called folkways.
These include such things as when to eat what meals, what pieces of cutlery to use a
the dinner table, how to greet someone, and what to wear to a wedding reception.
Mores on the other hand are the norms that a group regards as essential to its well-
being and whose violation is punished severely. Theft, treason, public indecency, and
murder are examples of mores.

Answer the following questions:

1) What do sociologists mean by "culture"?
2) What are the main components of culture?
3) What is meant by: beliefs , values and norms?
4) What is meant by "the nail that sticks out gets hammered"?
5) Are all norms of equal importance? Give examples?
6) What is the impact of globalization on the individual's and society's norms?
7) Do you consider yourself a cultural person? Give examples?

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