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need to be confronted or shortages in services or facilities that may need to be
alleviated. Shortage of educational facilities in certain geographic locations, for
example, may be push factors that result in people leaving these region; whereas, the
availability of employment opportunities can be pull factors encouraging people to
move into another region. The data collected by demographers is often displayed in
graphics forms that allow the reader to see the total picture and to understand the
often complicated statistics and ratios at a glance.

Answer the following questions:

1- What is meant by "demography"?
2- What is meant by "doubling time"?
3- What is the importance of knowing the total fertility ratio?
4- What is the importance of knowing life expectancy and the infant mortality

ratio?
5- What is meant by emigration and immigration?
6- In what way the data collected by demographers is helpful in building

societies.
7- Translate the last paragraph?

HENRY FORD

Henry Ford is famous for making cars easier for most people to buy. He did
this by producing the cars using an assembly line.

Henry Ford was born in 1863 in Michigan. He had 4 siblings, and his family
owned a farm. He worked on the farm when he was young, but he soon discovered
that he loved taking things apart to see how they worked, then putting them back
together again. He worked on watches a lot, and ended up helping many people fix
their watches. In 1879, when he was 16 years old, he moved to Detroit to start
working with machines, though he did come home and work on the farm a little, too.

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