Page 38 - STRATEGY Magazine (G)

El Niño
POTENTIAL IMPACTS & RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH CLIMATE CHANGE
AGRICULTURE
KEY RISKS: Decreases in food production, food quality, and revenues, rising prices, dependency on imports and pressure on ecosystems.
Climatic Drivers: Temperature rise and extremes, precipitation volatility and extremes, CO2 concentration, changes in precipitation patterns and volumes.
WATER
KEY RISKS: Decreased fresh water available in semi-arid, glacier melt-dependent and coastal region, flooding and landslides in urban and rural areas due to extreme precipitation, decreased availability of water for human consumption and key production activities such as agriculture and hydroelectricity.
Climatic Drivers: Upward trend in temperature and vaporation, increased droughts, reduced snow cover and gla- cier formation.
BIODIVERSITY & FORESTS
KEY RISKS: Land-use changes, reduction of forests, changes in types of forests adapted to new conditions, coral reef bleaching, decoupling of ecosystems, loss of biodiversity and of ecosystem services.
Climatic Drivers: Increased deforestation, CO2 concentration, upward trend in temperature and extreme
weather events, temperature increase and acidification of oceans.
HEALTH
KEY RISKS: Changes in geographical distribution and incidence of vector-borne disease for humans, livestock and crops.
Climatic Drivers: Upward trend in temperature, temperature extremes, precipitation extremes, changes in in- ter-annual precipitation patterns.
TOURISM
KEY RISKS: Loss of infrastructure and ecosystem services (forests, beaches, reefs, water), rising temperatures, sea levels and extreme events in coastal areas.
Climatic Drivers: Rising sea levels, temperature and rainfall extremes and changing patterns.
POVERTY
KEY RISKS: Reduction in livelihoods and incomes of vulnerable groups, especially in the agricultural sector, and increased nutritional and income inequality.
Climatic Drivers: All of the above.