Page 41 - Preventing Falls: How to Develop Community-based Fall Prevention Programs for Older Adults
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EvALuATING YOur FALL PrEvENTION PrOGrAM
The main methods for collecting Types of evaluation
qualitative data are:
1. Formative Evaluation judges the worth
1. Individual interviews of a program while the program activities
2. Focus groups are forming or happening. It focusses on
3. Observations the implementation process. Types of
formative evaluation include:
• Quantitative data are numeric.
Quantitative data measures the “what” a. Needs assessment—Is there a need
of the program. To collect quantitative for the program?
data many people must be asked the b. Structured conceptualization—
same question and be given the same Defines the program, the target
answer choices. Quantitative questions population, and outcomes
include ‘how many people completed the c. Evaluability assessment—Determines
program?’ and ‘what percentage of people whether an evaluation is feasible
showed an increase in self-esteem after and how stakeholders can help shape
completing the program. Common sources its usefulness
for quantitative data are:
d. Implementation evaluation—
1. Existing institutional data Monitors the fidelity of the program
(i.e., records data) or technology delivery
2. Survey methods (e.g., questionnaires) e. Process evaluation—Investigates how
3. Numerical data from observations— the program is implemented
counts and tallies 2. Summative Evaluation occurs after
4. Scoring of rubrics, tests, and portfolios the program is complete. It gathers
information about the results or outcomes
of the program. Types of summative
evaluation include:
a. Outcome evaluation—Determines
the program’s overall impact on
defined outcomes
b. Impact evaluation—Assesses the
overall or net effects of the program
as a whole
c. Cost-effectiveness and cost-benefit
analysis—Measures dollars saved by
conducting the program
d. Secondary analysis—Reexamines
existing data to consider questions
not originally considered
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