Page 20 - 《地理脉冲》

SUMMER SOCIAL PRACTICE SUMMER SOCIAL PRACTICE

暑期社会实践 暑期社会实践

those living upstream near the glaciers 了冰川的撤退。他们对冰川撤退的看法也 farmers did not believe they were responsible 候协议的消息的影响。
themselves were most cognizant of this fact, 与科学观察最相关。教育水平是农民是否 for causing glacial changes, only 11.1 percent
having observed firsthand their retreat. Their 意识到冰川退缩的又一个有力预测。 responded that individuals or households should
perceptions of glacier retreat were also the most bear the burden of resolving the problem. The
highly correlated with scientific observations. authors point to the role of the media in shaping
Education level was another strong predictor of these views, with many responses being
whether farmers were aware of glacier retreat. impacted by news of the recent Paris Climate
Gender, ethnicity and age had no impact 性别，种族和年龄对冰川撤退的意识 Agreement.
on awareness of glacier retreat. 85.6 percent 没有影响。85.6％的农民报告说，他们听
of farmers reported that they had heard about 说过电视上的冰川变化。但是，只是一个 According to the authors, although outside 据作者说，虽然外界的专家知识在这
glacial change from television. However, 看电视的农民并不意味着会关注冰川退 expert knowledge is often inaccessible within 些社区中经常无法进入，但它在塑造当地
simply being a farmer who watches television 缩。该小组采访了生活在附近河流流域的 these communities, it nonetheless plays a 的生计中起着重要的作用。在科学知识霸
does not mean that one will become concerned 农民，他们对冰川径流的依赖程度要低得 significant role in shaping local livelihoods. 权之前，农民们感到无能为力，他们对传
with glacier retreat. The team interviewed 多，发现与那些生活在黑河流域的农民相 Farmers feel powerless before the hegemony 统知识越来越不确定，越来越不能为自己
farmers living in a nearby river basin who had a 比，对冰川变化的感受较少。这个发现表 of scientific knowledge: they are ever more 的未来做出重要的决定。朱国锋说，要鼓
much lower reliance on glacier runoff and found 明，对冰川变化的关注与对生活的冰川径 uncertain of traditional knowledge and thus 励农民坚持传统知识和做法。“ 我们的调
that farmers there were less concerned about 流的依赖程度有关。 increasingly incapable of making important 查显示，农民普遍认为传统的放牧和农耕
glacier change than those living in the Heihe decisions for their own future. Zhu emphasized 生活落后，他们渴望城市生活。他们在心
River Basin. This finding suggests that concern that farmers need to be encouraged to hold on 理上拒绝农业和放牧，不熟悉传统做法，
for glacier change is associated with the degree to traditional knowledge and practices. “Our 将削弱遏制气候变化的努力。“ 通过了解
of reliance on glacier runoff for livelihood. survey showed that farmers commonly view 农民对冰川变化的看法，政策制定者更有
While 90 percent of those polled believed 虽然 90％的受访者认为全球变暖是冰 traditional herding and farming livelihoods as 能力帮助他们适应环境恶化的变化。
that global warming is the primary cause 川减少的主要原因，但大约 30％的受访者 backward, and they aspire to urban life. That
of glacier reduction, roughly 30 percent of 不认为废气燃烧和汽车尾气是其中影响因 they psychologically reject farming and herding
respondents did not believe that waste burning 素。对全球来说，大规模因素的关注和对 and are unfamiliar with traditional practices
and car exhaust were factors. This attention to 当地影响的相对缺乏关注以其他有趣的方 will weaken efforts at curbing climate change,”
global, large-scale factors and the comparative 式浮出水面。受访者认为其他更多的是工 he said. By understanding farmers’ perceptions
lack of concern with local impact surfaced in 业区域的空气污染原因，并认为冰川的变 of glacier change, policymakers are better
other interesting ways. Respondents located the 化是复杂的跨地区力量的结果。 equipped to help them adapt to deleterious 中国西北地区
causes of air pollution in other, more industrial changes in their environment.
regions, and believed that changes to glaciers
were the result of complex, trans-regional
forces.
Accordingly, the burden of mollifying the 因此，压倒气候变化影响负担的绝大 此篇暑期社会调研活动被美国哥伦比亚大学、中国科学院等多家科研机构和媒体报道。
impact of climate change was overwhelmingly 多数被视为政府和跨国组织的任务：联合 获取原文链接：
seen to be the task of governments and 国（56.4％），中央政府（52.7％）和污 http://english.cas.cn/newsroom/research_news/201707/t20170720_180747.shtml
http://glacierhub.org/2017/07/19/farmers-perceptions-of-glacial-change-in-northwest-
transnational organizations: the U.N. (56.4 染企业（47.8％）是最负责任的受访者的 china/
percent), central government (52.7 percent), 眼睛，而只有 21.3％的人认为地方政府负
and polluting enterprises (47.8 percent) were 责生态恢复和管理。因为大多数农民不
most responsible in the eyes of respondents, 相信自己是造成冰川变化的责任，只有
whereas just 21.3 percent believed that the local 11.1％的人认为个人或家庭应该承担解决
government was responsible for ecological 问题的责任。作者指出媒体在塑造这些观
restoration and management. Because most 点方面的作用，许多回应受到最近巴黎气

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