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the people of Judah, his cherished plant; He waited for judgment, but see, bloodshed! for justice, but hark, the outcry! (Isaiah 5:1-2, 7).
m. [20:21] Jn 3:2.
n. [20:25] Rom 13:6–7.
o. [20:27–40] Mt 22:23–33; Mk 12:18–27.
p. [20:27] Acts 23:8.
q. [20:28] Gn 38:8; Dt 25:5.
r. [20:37] Ex 3:2, 6, 15–16.
s. [20:38] Rom 14:8–9.
t. [20:40] Mt 22:46; Mk 12:34.
u. [20:41–44] Mt 22:41–45; Mk 12:35–37.
v. [20:42–43] Ps 110:1.
LUKE 
of God in accordance with the truth.m 22Is it lawful for us to pay tribute to Caesar or not?”* 23Recognizing their craftiness he said to them, 24“Show me a denarius;* whose image and name does it bear?” They replied, “Caesar’s.” 25So he said to them, “Then repay to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and to God what belongs to God.”n 26They were unable to trap him by something he might say before the people, and so amazed were they at his reply that they fell silent.
The Question About the Resurrection.o 27Some Sadducees,* those who deny that there is a resurrection, came forward and put this question to him,p 28* saying, “Teacher, Moses wrote for us, ‘If someone’s brother dies leaving a wife but no child, his brother must take the wife and raise up descendants for his brother.’q 29Now there were seven brothers; the first married a woman but died childless. 30Then the second 31and the third married her, and likewise all the seven died childless. 32Finally the woman also died. 33Now at the resurrection whose wife will that woman be? For all seven had been married to her.” 34Jesus said to them, “The children of this age marry and are given in marriage; 35but those who are deemed worthy to attain to the coming age and to the resurrection of the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage. 36They can no longer die, for they are like angels; and they are the children of God because they are the ones who will rise.* 37That the dead will rise even Moses made known in the passage about the bush, when he called ‘Lord’ the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob;r 38and he is not God of the dead, but of the living, for to him all are alive.”s 39Some of the scribes said in reply, “Teacher, you have answered well.” 40And they no longer dared to ask him anything.t The Question About David’s Son.* 41u Then he said to them, “How do they claim that the Messiah is the Son of David? 42For David himself in the Book of Psalms says:v
‘The Lord said to my lord, “Sit at my right hand
43till I make your enemies your footstool.”’ 44Now if David calls him ‘lord,’ how can he be his son?”
* [20:22] Through their question the agents of the Jerusalem religious leadership hope to force Jesus to take sides on one of the sensitive political issues of rst-century Palestine. The issue of nonpayment of taxes to Rome becomes one of the focal points of the First Jewish Revolt (A.D. 66–70) that resulted in the Roman destruction of Jerusalem and the temple. See also note on Mt 22:15–22.
* [20:24] Denarius: a Roman silver coin (see note on Lk 7:41).
* [20:27] Sadducees: see note on Mt 3:7.
* [20:28–33] The Sadducees’ question, based on the law of levirate
marriage recorded in Dt 25:5–10, ridicules the idea of the resurrection. Jesus rejects their naive understanding of the resurrection (Lk 20:35– 36) and then argues on behalf of the resurrection of the dead on the basis of the written law (Lk 20:37–38) that the Sadducees accept. See also notes on Mt 22:23–33.
* [20:36] Because they are the ones who will rise: literally, “being sons of the resurrection.”
*[20:41–44] After successfully answering the three questions of his opponents, Jesus now asks them a question. Their inability to respond implies that they have forfeited their position and authority as the religious leaders of the people because they do not understand the scriptures. This series of controversies between the religious leadership of Jerusalem and Jesus reveals Jesus as the authoritative teacher whose words are to be listened to (see Lk 9:35). See also notes on Mt 22:41–46.
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David, by Gustave Doré (1866)