Page 121 - NCERT-Class-11-Chemistry-Part-1
P. 121
✶
✶
❈
❈
☛
❈
✆
✍
✡
✠
✆
✎
☎
✄
☞
✂
✡
✁
☎
✠
✠
✟
❈
☞
✂
✌
✆
✂
☞
✝
✄
✞
✝
✎
✟
✝
✌
✌
✕
✘
✖
✤
✒
❢
✏
✓
✛
✗
✙✜
✖
✚
✣
✘
✕
✚ ✒q
✕ ✘❢♣
✕
✖
✘ ✒✕ ✙✖
✒ ✣
❡ ✢
❢
✤
✣
✖ ✚
✙
✢
✚
✒ ✤
❢
✘
✗
❢
✙
✢
✦
✤
✖ ✜
❚✓✖
✸✔ ✙✚✛
✑✔ ✒ ✔
✙✚
✏ ✒✕✛
✚
✙✘
✑
✤✖
✘
✙✚
✜
✗ ✕
✖
❢
✘ ✗
✖
q
✗
✚
✒ ✒
✒
✔
✜
✙
✑
q ✙
❆
✑
✤♠
✙
✗
✒ ✒
✤ ✔
✤
✛
✚
r
✜
✤
✚ ✓
✕
✚
✖
❡
✛
✒
❡
✙
♠
✑
✤
✙
❲✘
✙✘
✘
✥✦
✜
✢
✔
✘♣
✔
✕
✖
✒
✕
✒
❡
✜
✔
✖
✘
✕
✙✚
✗
✏
✛
✜
✔✒
✔
✢ ✕
✘✒
✗
✙✧✘
✘✖
✛
♣
✑✖
❚
✏
✖
✓
✙✧✘ ❆ ✙✚
✕
✜
✑✔
✖✥✘
✘ ✒ ✒
✤
✕ ✖
✕
✙✒
✘
✖
✒
✖ ✜
✤✥
✙
✔✚
✘ ✙
✗
♣ ✓
❆ ✗
✖
✕✛
✚✕
✑
✒
✒
✥✚
✹
✙
❢
✏ ✒
✗
✘
✑
✓
✕
✜
✤
✚
✙
✒
✕
✖
✗
✛
✜
✕
✖
✗
✒
❢
✜
❚
✕
✚
✖
✔
✖
✒
✔
❳ ✢
❢
✘
✘
✙✖
✤
✗❡
✕
✒ ✤
✖ ✖
❢♠
✕
✚ ✢ t
✚ ✤✏
✘ ❧✚
✑
✢✛
✘✒
✤
♠
✖
✗
✥✕ ✒
✕
✒
✙
✑
✣
✘ ✚
❡✕
✤✤
✒✗
✒
✖✘✕ ✘
✖
✒❢
✜ ✢ ✙
✒
✘
✛
✖
✘✒
✒ ✕
✙♣ ✓
✣
✜
✙
✑✖✜
✖
✥
✗
✔✛
❆ ✙✚
✒
✗
✑ ✔
✕✕
✚
✑✒
✒ ✤
✖
❡ ✛
✒
❡
✤
✤
✒
✧✒ ✛✒
❢
✖ ✘
✦
✥✦
✙✘
✖
✕✤
✔ ✒
✕
✜
❡
✙
✕
❦
✗
✘
✖
✘
✕
✒
✤
✕
q ❲✘
✚
✑
✒
✢
❡
♣✔
✖
✖
✚
✤
✘
✛
✛
✓
✛
✛
✚
✢
✧✘
❤
✙✚
❢
✙
♠
✕
✚✤
✚
✥✚✤ ✦✛✒
✜
✚ ✜✕
✜✤
✚
✖✗
✚
✕ ✒
✙
✙✑✔
✒
❡
✙✏
✘
✏
✑
✑
✜
✤
✖
✖
✘
✜
✉✛✜
✔
✖
❧
✏
❩
✜
✗
❚
❡
✏
✤
✜
♠
✖
✚
♠
✕ ✤
✒
✙ ✢
❚✚
✖
✑✥
✙ ✓
✒
✖
✒ ✘
✒
✘
✘
✔
✕
✒
✑
★
✢
✖
✜
✗
✑ ✙
✕
✓
✒
✛
✑
✑
❡
✘
✘
✒
✓
✒
✚
✙
✙
✙
✘
✦
✜
✖
✗
✙
✒
❢
✒
✜
✖
✛
✒
✢
✤
❢
✕
❡
✏
✒
♠
✫
✮
✵
✩
✬
✭
✬
✭
✺
✭
✰
✪✫
✭
✱✲
✯
✮
✯
✫
✫
✲
✱✲
■
✬
✴✫
✷
✯
✲
✯
✛✘ Maxbrain Chemistry
✳
✳
✲
❢
✼ ✒ ✙✚
✛
✛
✘
✑
❚✕
✣✒
✜
✒
✖✑ ✛
✜
✒
✤
✙✚
✥✕
✙
✖ ✖
✒ ✒
✜
✤
✻ ✑ ✔
✒
✤ ✛
❡
✒
✒
✘
✖
✗
✕
✏
✚
✢
✓
✙✘
✑
✙
✚
✗
✑
✖
✔
✕
✒
✜
➏
➐
✘✗✖
✜ ✤
✔
✜
✑
✛ ✖
♠
✦✕
✼ ✚ ✤
✕
✖ ✒✙ ✘ ✘
❚✕✒✚
✻ ✑ ✔
✖
✙
✖✖♠
✓
✤ ✖
✗
✚
✛
✑
✛
✒
s
✣
✒
✒
✦
✑
✘
✗
✚
❡
✦
✒
✜
✙
✜
✤
✏
✚
✕
✘
♠
✓
✛
✤
✖✜
✼✘
✘
P✕ ✙✕
✢ ✒✚
❢ ✛
✙
✒ ✙
✙ ✒
✖ ✤
✘ ✛✖
✜✘
✻ ✘
✖
✖
✖❡
✘
✒
✤✜
✤
✤
✘
✑
✔
✥✕
✤
✤
✚
✓
✗
✙✖
✖
✙✖
✜
✗
✕
✖
✙✘
✏
✖
✘
❢
✘
✕
✘
✖
✛
✛
✙
✽✚
✕
✚ ✓
✢
✤
✻ ✙ ✒
✙✑
✜✘❢
✖
✑ ✖
✘✚✒
✤✛ ✗
✤✙
✼
✜
✒
✖✜
✣
✓
✛
✢
✑
✤✓
✽
✖ ✙✒✘
✖
✛✏
✙
✕ ✖ ✚
✕✗
✖
✙✚✤
✔✥✚
✙✖ ✖
✖
❢
✔
✥✚ ✕
✤
✜
✘✜
✒
✛
✒
✗
✒
❢
✘
✜
❡
✤
✚
✣
✖
✤
✜
✛
✕
★
✢
✘
✛
✚
✜
✖
✒
✢
✒
✣
❢
✜
✔
✒
✛
✙✚
✘
✒
✏
✔
✛
✙✖
✑
✖
✙
✑
✤
✜
✖
✗
✓
✤
✒
✥✚
✕
✚
✾
✘
✙✚
✕
✒
✖
✜
✛
➁
⑥❼
➂
➄
➀
❶ ➅
❺
❷
❸❾
❻
❺❷
⑤ ❻
⑦⑧⑦⑨⑩ ❿ ❿
❽❾ ➁
➃
➀❻
④➁
❹➆
❷❼
❺ ➆
❺
❂✲
❅✷
✳
❀ ✮
❃✷ ❄✳✫✬✲
✿
✪✴
✫
✱✲
❀ ✭
❁
✺
✯
➇
❶
➉
➈❺
❷ ❾
❿
❻
❽
❾ ❷
➁❿
➉
➇ ❺
❾
➅
❽❽
❸ ❹
➂❺
❻ ❼
➃
❷
➀
❺❻
➅
✘
✑✦ ✖
✖
✘
✒
✙ ✔
✓
✜
✢
✓✕
❚✒✖
✕ ✕✚
✙
✣✜✗
✑
✕
✚✚ ✖
✒✜ ✤
✘
✥✒
➉
➊➉➋➇ ❼❺
➎
➍ ➇➉
➇
➌
❞ ✘✒
✒
✛
✘
✛
✕
★✗ ✙
✖ ✜
✣
✖
✒
✑ ✢
✣
✚
♣ ✚✔✤
❆✤✙
❚✖
✤
✏
✕
✖
✤
✢
♠
✗
✇
❋ ✜
❖✚
❘
✑
▼ ✖
◆ ✗
✤
❍ ✜
◗ ✙✖
■ ● ❑ ✔
✑
▲ ✕
❉■ ❊❏
▼ ✖
✖
✽
✙
❯
❋ ✓
✤
❙
▼✘
✜
✖
✙✖
✚
✘
✑
✢
✚
✤
✤
✗
✦
✗
✒
✒
✜
✕
✜
✙
✘
✕
✓
❇
✕
✥✒
✔
✖
✓
✚
✒
✘ ✗
✖ ✤
✘ ✤
✙✧✘
✢
✤
✒ ❡
✛
✒
✜
❆ ✚
✒ ✣
✣
✕ ✒
✖
✑
✙✘
✙
▼
❋❏
▲
◗
✖
✑
❍
❋
✘
▼
✜
▼
❚✥✒
✙
❯
◆
❙
❑
✢
✓
❘
❉■❊●
❖
✖
✒
✕✕
✙
✙✚
✛
✔
✛
✤✕
✜
✖ ✒
✘❡✒
✙✘✒
✢✖
✘✕
♣❲✘✒✙
✕✚
✣
✗✤
✢
♠
❆
✤
✤
✤
✒
✖
✘
✑
✖
✛
✕
✗
✚
✘
✒
✘
✙
✤
✚
✜
✑
✒
❡
✣
✣
✤
✜
✗
✔
✖
❤
✓
✖
✖
✘
✙✖
♥
✉✛
♣ ★
✔
❤
✜
✒
✏
❡
✔
✗
✒
✤
✖
✑
✙✚
✖
✛
✕
✈✘
✗
✘
✖
✓
✜
✒
✖
✕
✚
❆ ✥✛
✕ ❦
✙
❡
♣
✙
✒
♠
✘
✤
✤
✛
✕
✦
✘
✛
✢
✚
✙✖
✘
✧✘
✘
✘
✖
✔
✒
✕
✖
✙✚
✜
✤
✤
✢
✙✖
✒
✑
✕
♠ ✕
✘
❢
✛
★
✙
✜ ✒
✛
✒
❡ ✤
✙ ✕ ✒ ✘
✒
✚✙
✦
✒ ✦ ✖
✤
✗
✑✘
❢
✚
✑✖
✛
✙
✖
✣
✕ ✔
✖
✘✒✚
✙✚
✖
✦
✤
✜
✏
✒ ✜
♣ ✓
✒
✕✛
❆
✙
❚✦
✑✔
✛
s ✗
✔
✒
✤
✕
✘
♠
✢
✢✤ ✤
✘ ❡
✦
✙
✖
❢ ✛
✚
✔ ✘
✤
✙
✕
✖
✖
✘ ✒ ✘
✚
✜
❢ ✕
✘
✚
✔✖
❆ ✚
✑
✘✔
✜
✜
✖
✢
✙✚ ✙✖
❆
✕ ✗
✖ ✚
✕ ✗
✛ ✘
♣ ★ ✖
✚ ✤
✢♣ ✓
✤
✒
✘ ✕✕
♥
②
♥
✙
❢
❤
✒
✗
✖
✙✑
❆ ✒
✘
✢
❧ ♣
✏
★
❆✑
q
✒
✙
✒
❆
✤
q ✽
✙✚
③ ✒
q ✤
✘
✙
✒
✜
✕
✛
✤
✒
✔
✒
✏
✒
✑
✙
✙
✑
✘
✓
✛
✘
✖
✖
♠
✙✚
✕
✔
✜
✖
✛
✜
✚
✑
✙
✖
✒
❱ ✚
✗
✘
✚
✕
❲ ❤
✙✚
✕
✕
✚
✔
✖
✛
❢
♣
✙
✘
✣
q
✘
✤
✙✘
✤
✙
✚
✒
✙
✜
✚
✥✕
✜
✜
✛
✘
❡
✒
✘
❢
✗
✖
✒
✛
✚
✓
♣
✕
✕
❢
❨
✘
✚
✑
✕
✕
✑
✙✚
✑
✜
❳
✔
✚
✜
✖
❆
❢
❩
❲❢
✗
✔
✚
❆
❬
✙
✑
✒
✖
✑
✑
✖
♣❲❢ ✦
✛
✚ ❡
✙
✕
✤
❭ ✘
✒
✚❩
✦✒
✕
✛
✤❬✚
✗ ❢
✒
❨
✏
❢ ❢
✚
❡
✙✘
✖
✕
✚
✛
✜
✑
✙✗
✜
❢
✒
✖ ✚
✑✤
❢
✧✑ ✒✗
❆
✓
❲✑
✕
✙
✚
✔
✗
✒
✖
✤
✖
♣
✙
✚
✤
✙✕
❢ ✘
✙✧✘ ✘
❢
✖✒
✗ ✕
✛
✖
✛ ✕
✙✘ ✒ ✚
✒ ✓
✜
✤
✗
✙✑
✙✛
✾
✒ ❡
♠ ✜
✙ ✢
✖
✒
✘
✖
✜
✒
✏
✜
✒
✜
✜ ✕✕
✚
✒
✤❡
✓
✜ ✙
✥✘ ✒
✓
❚✥✒
✑
✤
✖
✕
✚ ✤ ✘
✖
✜
✜✛✚
✗
✖
✘ ✛
✧✤ ✚✜ ✚
✑
✖✘
✜
✔
✓
✗
✚
✾ ♠
✘
✙
✖
✤
✙✖
✑
✏
✕
✘
✓
✔
✤
✚
✖
✗
✜
✖
✥✥✘
❚♣
✙
✑✑
✖
❆
✥✘
✒
✑
✖
✧✘
✙✔
✕
✖
✤
✜
✒ ✓
✜
✖
✙
✗
✤
✒
✙
✘
❲ ❤
✧✖ ✙✖
✘
✖
✜
✙✑✤
❢
✛
✥✕ ♦✒
✖♠
✙✑✖
✕
✤
❢
✘
✗✤
❱ ✚♠
✒
✒
✘
✙
✚
✒
✚
✒
✥✘
✒
✓
✘
✜
✖
✛
✤
✕
✤
✜
✗
✘
✔
✜
✒
✜
✛
✣
✒
✙✖
✔
♠
✙✖
✚
✚
✛
✒
★
✣
✣
❡
✛
✚
✖ ✖
✑✒
✒
❢ ✗
❡ ✢
✘✖
✘
✤
✒ ✒
✕
✙
✛
✥✕ ✘ ❢ ✥✥✖
✧✑✣ ✒✣✒
✣
✕
♠
✢
✜
✑
✕
✘
✙
✕
✛
✙✖
✦
✗
✤
✔
✙✖
✕
♠
✚
✤
✘
✘
✖
✏
✢
✙
✤
✢
✘
✘
✤
♠
✤
❡
✒
✜
✒
✕
✜
✒
✜
❄ ✴
✲
❴
✪
❄ ✮
✮
❫
✵
✫❜
❴ ✯
❄✰❛
✫
✩
❴
❪
✩❵
❋
●
✮
✳
✭
✲
✱✲
✺
✫
✷
✵
✯
✬
✲
✜ ✒
✖
❚ ✕ ✒
✑✦
✚
✒
❴ ❥ ❢
❢
♠✙✘
✙ ✙
❝✒✤
✤
❄ ✗
✛
✘
✕
❣
✐
♥
♥
➌
⑥❷
④ ❻
✏ ✽✑ ❿❺
➄❽
❼
➋
➉
➅ ➃
❻
➆
⑤
❹ ❾
❧✗ ➀➁
✒ ⑦⑧⑦⑨⑨
✙❤ ❾❺
❽
✖ ❆ ➂
❺➁
➃➆
✘
✢ ✒
❢
❦✜❆
✢
✤
q ✤
✖
✒
✦
✖
✙✒
♠
✙✖
✘
✕
✤
✚
✘
❺
➇
➉
❼➎
➍ ➇➉
✒
✜
✕
✘✢ ✙✒
✘
❢
✙✘
✙
✘ ✙❆ ✒
✑
✛
✘
q ❲✒❡
✒
✙
✙✚ ✜
✥✕
✜ ✤✘ ✗
✒✤
✖
117 C:\ChemistryXI\Unit-4\Unit-4(5)-Lay-3.pmd 7.1.2006 (Final), 13.1.6, 17.1.6, 24.1.6 ✕ ✜ ❩ ✙ ❢ ✑✦ ✧✤✏✹ ❿ ✛ ✑ s ✜ ✤ ✙ ❷ ✒ ✈✖ ✙ ✧✖ ✑ ➊ ➇ ❲ ① ➑