Page 385 - Lokmanya Tilak Samagra (khand 2)

170 SAMAGRA TILAK-2 a THE ARCTIC HOME
u. One Pri,hthya and four Abhiplava ,ha!ahas each month
continued in this way for four months r20
12. Three Abhiplavarha\ahas one Go thtoma, one Ayu-
,ho.tma and one DasharAtra (the ten days of Dvtda-
shAha ), making up one month 30
13. The Mahivrata day, corresponding to the Chatur-
vimsha day at the beginning
14. The concludi.bg AtirAtra
Total days 360
It will be seen from the above &cbeme that there are really a
a few sacrificial rites which are absolutely fixed and unchange-
able in the yearly Sattra. The two AtirAtras, the introductory
and the concluding, the Chaturvunsha and the Mah&vrata day,
the Abhijit and the Vishvajit, the three Svara-Saman days on
either side of Vi!huvan, the Vi~huvan itself, and the ten days of
Dvadashaha, making up 22 days in all exclusive of Vi~huvan,
are the only parts that have any speciality about them.
The rest of the days are all made up by Abhiplava and
Pri~h~hya ~h~ahas which, therefore constitute what may be
called the elastic or the variable part of the yearly Sattra. Thus
if we want a Gavam-ayanam of ten months, we have only to
strike off five ~ha! ahas from the parts marked 3 and 11 in the above
scheme. The Adityanamayanam is another modification of the
above scheme in which amongst other changes, the ~haf.ahas
are all Abhiplava, instead of being a combination of Abhiplat•a
and Pri~h~hya; while if all the ~ha{ahas are Pr:i~h~hya, along with
some other changes, it becomes the Angirasam-ayanam. All
these modifications do not however, touch the total number of
360 days. But there were sacrificers, who adopted the lunar
year of 354 days and therefore, omitted 6 days from the above
scheme and their Sattra is called the Utsarginam-ayanam
( Tait. Sani. VII, 5, 7, 1, Ta~~ya Bni.h. V, 10 ). In short, the
object was to make the Satt'a correspond with the year adopted,
civil or lunar, as closely as possible. But these points are not
relevant to our purpose. The Bn'l.hma~as and the Shrauta Sutras
give further details about the various rites to be performed on the
Vi~huvan, the A,bhijit and the Vishvajit or the Svara-Saman day.
The Aitareya Ara~yaka describes the Mahavrata ceremony;
while the Atiratra and the Chaturvinisha are described in the
fourth book of the Aitareya Bnlhma~a. The Chaturvirhsha is