Page 589 - Lokmanya Tilak Samagra (khand 2)

370 SAMAGRA TILAK - 2 • THE ARCTIC HOME

sound or words, but adds that it is the species to which the word
belongs, and not the word itself, that is eternal or indestructible,
and, therefore, though the names of deities, like Indra and others,
which are all created and hence liable to destruction, are mentioned
in the Veda, it does not affect the question of its eternity as the
species to which Indra and others are said to belong is still eternal.
In short, Vedic names and forms of species are eternal, and it is
by remembering these that the world is created by Brahma at the
beginning of each Kalpa, ( Maitr. Up., VI, 22 ). The Veda is,
therefore, the original WORD the source from which everything
else in the world emanated, and as such it cannot but be eternal;
and it is interesting, as pointed out by Prof. Max Muller in his
Lectures on Vedanta Philosophy, to compare this doctrine with that of
divine Logos of the Alexandrian Schools in the West. The Nai-
yayikas, on the other hand, deny the doctrine of the eternity of
sound or word, but hold that the authority of the Vedas is establi-
shed by the fact of their having emanated from competent ( apta)
persons who had an intuitive perception of duty ( sak~hatkrita
dharmWJ,a!z, as Yaska puts it ), and whose competence is fully
proved by the efficacy of such of the Vedic injunctions as relate
to mundane matters, and can, therefore, be tested by experience
while the author of the Vaishe~hika Sfttras clearly refers (I, 1, 3)
the Veda to fshavara or God as its framer. The 8afikhyas (8apkhya
Sfttras, V, 40-51) agree with the Naiyayikas in rejecting the
doctrine of the eternity of the connection of a word with its meaning;
and though they regard the Veda as pauru~heya in the sense
that it emanated from the Primeval Puru~ha, yet they maintain
that it was not the result of a conscious effort on the part of this
Puru~ha, but only an unconscious emanation from him like his
breathing. According to this view the Veda cannot be called eternal
in the same sense as the Mimamsakas have done and, therefore,
the texts which assert the eternity of the Vedas, are said to refer
merely to " the unbroken continuity of the stream of homogeneous
succession, " ( Veda-nityata-vakyani cha sajatiyanupU,rvi-pravahd-
nuchcheda-pardiJi ). * Patanjali, the great grammarian, in his

• Cf. VedointaparibhAsM Agama-padchcheda, p. 55 quoted in
Mahdmahopadhyiiya Jhalkikar"s Nyaya-kosha, znd Ed., p. 736. s. "·
~: -!311~ ~'If\: ~~~~~cff{'ll!'fif~~ ~ ~(~dill"( if g
ffit~it ~~I