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María Alejandra Ramelli
Common causes of laminitis (Royal Veterinary College, 2018) (AAEP, 2018):
• Overeating grain or grass.
• Sudden dietary changes.
• Diseases associated with inflammation such as certain types of colic or
retained placenta for more than
12 hours in a mare after foaling.
• Obesity.
• Trauma from excess work
in unshod horses on hard ground.
• Endocrine disease.
• Bedding that contains black
walnut shavings.
Symptoms (Royal Veterinary College, 2018) (AAEP, 2018):
• Lameness when the horse is turning in circles and walking on hard
ground.
• Increased digital pulse in the feet.
• Pain when pressure is applied with hoof testers.
• The horse leans back on his heels.
• Warm hooves.
Azoturia
Azoturia is serious and painful muscle condition also known as “Monday
morning disease”, “tying-up” or “Equine Rhabdomyolysis” (Scarsdale Veteri-
nary Group, 2015). Members of the XL Vets Equine Association (no year of pu-
blication) describe azoturia as “a disturbance of the normal functioning of the
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