Page 11 - Western Civilization A Brief History, Volume I To 1715 9th - Jackson J. Spielvogel

6 The Roman Empire 120
The Age of Augustus (31 B.C.E.–14 C.E.) 121
The New Order 121
Augustan Society 123
Significance of the Augustan Age 124
The Early Empire (14–180) 124
The Julio-Claudians and Flavians 124
The Five ‘‘Good Emperors’’ (96–180) 125
The Roman Empire at Its Height: Frontiers and
Provinces 125
Prosperity in the Early Empire 127
Roman Culture and Society in the Early Empire 129
The Golden Age of Latin Literature 129
The End of the Western Empire 150
OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS
TWO VIEWS OF THE HUNS 151
The Germanic Kingdoms 152
The Ostrogothic Kingdom of Italy 152 The Visigothic Kingdom of Spain 153 The Frankish Kingdom 154 Anglo-Saxon England 154
The Society of the Germanic Kingdoms 154
Development of the Christian Church 156
The Silver Age of Latin Literature The Upper-Class Roman Family Imperial Rome 132
IMAGES OF EVERYDAY LIFE CHILDREN IN THE ROMAN WORLD The Gladiatorial Shows 135 FILM & HISTORY
GLADIATOR (2000) 136
Transformation of the Roman World: Crises in
the Third Century 137
Political and Military Woes 137 Economic and Social Crises 138
Transformation of the Roman World: The Rise of Christianity 138
The Religious World of the Roman Empire 138 The Jewish Background 139
The Origins of Christianity 139
OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS
ROMAN AUTHORITIES AND A CHRISTIAN ON CHRISTIANITY 140
The Growth of Christianity 142
Chapter Summary, Timeline, and Review 143
7 Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World 146
The Reign of Justinian (527–565) 162 From Eastern Roman to Byzantine Empire
The Rise of Islam 166
Muhammad 167
The Teachings of Islam 167
The Spread of Islam 168
Chapter Summary, Timeline, and Review 170
165
The Late Roman Empire 147
The Reforms of Diocletian and Constantine The Empire’s New Religion 149
147
The World of the Carolingians 174
Charlemagne and the Carolingian Empire (768–814) 174
The Carolingian Intellectual Renewal 178 Life in the Carolingian World 178
Disintegration of the Carolingian Empire 181
Invasions of the Ninth and Tenth Centuries 181
The Emerging World of Lords and Vassals 183
Vassalage 183
Fief-Holding 184
OPPOSING VIEWPOINTS
LORDS, VASSALS, AND SAMURAI IN EUROPE
AND JAPAN 185
The Manorial System 186
The Zenith of Byzantine Civilization 187
The Macedonian Dynasty 188 Women in Byzantium 188
Detailed Contents ix
132 132
133
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European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750–1000 173
The Power of the Pope 156
The Monks and Their Missions 157
Christianity and Intellectual Life
The Byzantine Empire 162
160