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2.
P
P

Q R Q R
Original After enlargement
Karim uses a photocopy machine to enlarge the diagram of PQR to 150% of its
original size. CHAPTER
(a) Write the ratio of the length of P9Q9 to the length of PQ.
(b) Is the ratio of the length of P9R9 to the length of PR same as the ratio of the 4
length of P9Q9 to the length of PQ?
(c) Use your knowledge on ratios and percentages to explain the meaning of ‘enlarge
diagram PQR to 150% of its original size’.

3. A book with an original price of RM25 is sold at a 30% discount in a bookshop. If
the same book is sold online at the original price of RM20, the customers are given
a 15% discount. By applying the concept of proportions, determine which one is the
better choice for buying the book. Justify your choice.

Ratio Rate Proportion

Compares two or three Compares two A relationship that states
quantities measured in quantities measured that two ratios or two rates
the same unit. in different units. are equal.

Can be expressed as Can be expressed as a
a fraction involving fraction.
Written in the form of different units. For example:
a : b or a : b : c. For example: a b
1 = 1
Speed is measured a b
2 2
in km/h. Thus, a is proportional to b.

Can be solved using
Can be expressed as a Cannot be expressed as the unitary method, the
percentage, a fraction a percentage. proportion method or the
and a decimal.
cross multiplication method.

99 99
Ratios, Rates and Proportionsoportions
Ratios, Rates and Pr

04 TB Math F1.indd 99 11/10/16 12:12 PM