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Think Smart
Elements ‘A’ need
(a) P = {E, O, A} and Q = {E, O, A} not be repeated.
Each element in set P is equal to Given M = f and
N = { x : x is an integer
each element in set Q. and 1 , x , 2},
Thus, P = Q is M = N?

(b) F = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49}
G = {4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49}
1  F but 1  G. Symbol ≠ means
Thus, F ≠ G ‘is not equal to’.

Self Practice 11.1e

1. Determine whether each of the following pairs of sets are equal sets.
(a) G = {letters in the word ‘RAJIN’} and H = {letters in the word ‘JIRAN’}
(b) M = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and N = {whole numbers which are less than 6}
(c) P = {x : x is a multiple of 2 and 25 < x < 45} and Q = {x : x is a number that
has the digit 2 and 25 < x < 45}
(d) A = {national language of Malaysia} and B = {Malay language}

11.1 Open the folder downloaded from page vii for extra
questions of Mastery Q 11.1.

1. Describe each of the following sets by using description.
(a) X = {a, e, i, o, u} (b) Y = {1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49}

2. Write each of the following sets by listing.
(a) P is the set of planets in the Solar System.
(b) Q = {prime factors of 30}

3. Write each of the following sets by using set builder notation. CHAPTER
(a) G = {March, May} (b) H = {7, 14, 21, 28, ..., 98}

4. Determine whether 4 is the element of each of the following sets. 11
(a) P = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5} (b) Q = {x : x is a multiple of 8}
(c) R = {prime numbers} (d) S = {x : x is a factor of 52}

5. Sets A, B and C are defined as follows.
A = {months that begin with the letter J}
B = {states in Malaysia}
C = {x : x is a two-digit number such that the sum of its digits is 5}
Find n(A), n(B) and n(C).

6. Given that P = {7, 3, 13, x, 11, 5} and Q = {prime numbers which are less than 15},
if P = Q, find the value of x.

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Introduction of Set