Page 155 - J. C. Turner - History and Science of Knots
P. 155

Knots at Sea                         145
        many  variations  is  illustrated  below  (Fig. 5).  Further  examples  of  slipped
        longliner knots can be found in  [12].
            If  we  follow the lines out towards to the hooks then the next  problem is
        the attachment of snoods to the groundrope.  Traditionally this has been done
        with the Groundline Hitch  (see Fig. 6), [l, #277],  [36]: an ingenious solution,
        which exploits the lay of  the rope to anchor part of  its structure, and which is
        resistant to tugging under any angle.  In actual practice this is what a hooked
        fish would do.  The Groundline Hitch has also been  used  to attach the floats
        to the head rope of  a gillnet.









              Fig. 3. Fisherman's  Knot      Fig. 4.  Double Fisherman's  Knot















                      Fig. 5.                    Fig. 6. Groundline Hitch
            Attaching hooks to a snood has been done by means of  a Double Overhand
        Knot.  The drawings  in  Fig.  7 illustrate  the  process.  Further  examples  of
        longline knots can be found in  [24].
            Nowadays longlining and gillnetting still comprise a significant sector of
        industrial fishing, but trawling is equally large.  Trawlermen  encounter  knot-
        table media which range from 2 mm twine via all sorts of  rope up to 42 mm
        diameter steel wire.  Hence they have to know a great variety of  knots.  Many
        traditional knots are in fact still being used.  All fish catching methods have
        experienced the transition  to synthetics,  but  knot-wise  speaking the impact
        on trawling has not been so great as might be expected.  The monofilamentous
        fibres which  are extremely smooth  are braided  into twine, which has a suffi-
        ciently rough surface to enable the continued  use of  simple knots.  Simplicity
        is  not only demanded  for the sake of  the netmaking  machines,  which  churn
        out the actual netknot by the billions, but also for the inevitable repair, which
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