Page 444 - Truncal States to UAE_Neat

Notes to Chapter Two

99 As was common among some beduin tribes of Oman, he ruled in
conjunction with other, usually related, shaikhs; in this case they were
his cousins Manf and Hamad bin 'Ali bin Rahmah.
100 Their origin is discussed by Wilkinson, Water, p. 207. For a brief
summary on the Balush see also Lorimer, Gcogr., p. 258 and pp. 1409f.
101 See for the following Lorimer, Histor., p. 753 and Kelly, Eastern, p. 96f.
102 Letter to Ahmad bin Hilal of April 1906 in Dhaxvahir Collection.
103 See Kelly, Eastern, p. 231, who quotes the example of Sa'id bin Rashid,
the son of the shaikh of the Baluch at 'Araqi; he visited Saudi Arabia
several times and eventually became the most active supporter of the
Saudis in that area.
104 See Lorimer, Gcogr., pp. 962ff for Bani Ka’ab.
105 See Lorimer, Geogr., pp. 1558ff.
106 The entire Wadi Hatta had once been under the authority of the Sultan
of Muscat and a small section is still today Omani territory. See for the
following Lorimer, Histor., pp. 752-5.
107 For details of such agreements see below, pages 294ff.
108 See Landen, R.G. Oman Since 1856: Disruptive Modernization in a
Traditional Arab Society, Princeton, 1967, pp. 414-22.
109 See Lorimer, Histor., p. 178ff and Geogr., pp. 1547f and Miles, Countries,
p. 430 and elsewhere, and Hawley, Donald. The Trucial Stales, London,
1970, pp. 90ff. See also Lorimer, Histor., pp. 630-786 for the external
relations of the Qawasim during the 18th and 19th centuries.
110 After a peace with the Bani Ma'fn of Hormuz in 1763 the Qawasim
obtained one third of the revenues of Qishim. See also Warden, Francis,
“Historical Sketch of the Joasmee Tribe of Arabs", Bombay Selections,
pp. 301ff; he had observed the growing share of the Qawasim in the
trade of the Gulf of India and noted “. . . in a very few years (they)
carried on a most profitable concern"; see also Hawley. Trucial, p. 92f.
111 The implication of the role of the Qawasim rulers in this wider context is
discussed below, pages 279ff.
112 This is even true for the extensive authority which Shaikh Zayid bin
KhalTfah attained towards the end of his long rule, which included
many Omani tribes in Dhahirah and beyond. The agreement of 1906
between all the Trucial Rulers in Dubai according to which he obtained
authority over the people of Ru’us al Jibal and the Sharqiyfn was a
declaration and was never exercised in practice.
See Lorimer, Geogr., pp. 1425ff. Material used for the relevant articles in
113
this Gazetteer has been for the most part specially collected during the
years 1904 to 1907, and was revised several times by officials and others
who had lived in or extensively visited the area.
114 The following tribes of the Trucial Coast were either entirely nomadic
or, as was more often the case, had beduin sections: Bani Yas (about
2 000 beduin), Bani Qilab (about 2,100 beduin bul some lived in the

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