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ﻩﺈﻓﺰﺟﺆﺒﻴﻳ،ﺐﻘﺒﺑ                    /:  ٠٣
                                                        ﻡ                                   ٦٣٠ ﺔﺤﻤﻟ ﺪﻋ .ﻖﻨﻐﺗﺎﺸﻤﻨﺘﺘﺘﻨﺘﺘﺗﺎﻨﺴﺠﻤﻟ  ﺎﺗﺴﺤﻨﺘﻀﻤﻳﺎﺣﺠﺰﻋﻤﻀﺴﻴﻨﻻ.ﻳﻜﻤﺪ   ﺮﻴﻨﻤﻨﻣ » ﻧﺮ  \
                                                                  ؟ﻉ
                                                                         ،
                                                ﻲ.ﻳ:ﺞﻨﻓﻐ ٩ﺝﺍ ﻡ  0ﻡ.٦ ' !:::" ﺭ
                                                                  :
                                                              :
                                                              ؟
                                                                ًﺎ،ﻳ
                                                ،ﻲﻟ ﻱ:.ﺖﺑ  ٠      
ﺭ   ٦٠.
                                                                                                                                                                   ٨
                                                                                                                                                                   -
                                                                                                                                                           ٦
                                                                                                                                                            w
                                                                                                                                                                ٠ﺍ
                                                                                                                                                                ﺩ٨
                                                                                                                                                             ﺃ
                                                                                                                                                                  ﻳ
                                                                                                                                                                  ﺪ
                                                                                                                                               ﻪﻴﻤﺘﻫ
                                                                                                                                               ﻱ
                                                                                                                                               ﺇ
                                                                                                                                               ﺫﺇ
                                               :ﻲﺘﺒﺷ
                                               ﻲﻣ::ﻲﻐﺑﻴ
                                               !٠"ﺦﻳ; ﻲﻟ» ﻲﺑ              ten  a s,  an   thereafter a  iet  of ri e,    t was  re isel    here, in the whole
                                                .ﺃﺆﻳ                      fish an    ates  was ver   sustaining.   voage, that    a e   losest  to  utting   ﻡﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﻦﻜﻟﻭ ﻯﺎﺒﻣﻮﺑ ﻲﻓ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ ﻰﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻀﻨﻣ ﺮﻣﻻﺍ ﻝﻭﺃ ﺑﻲﻟﻌﺮﺍ ﺞﻴﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻳﺪﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻣ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ )١ﻩ(
                                                Aﺍ  s-ﺕ 

ﺍ  ٢٠
                                                                                                                                                                ،


                                                                                                                                                          ﺎﻋ ٠
                                                                                                                                                                                                       '٠
                                                                          Water we ke t  in iron tanks, but an   
OA    agroun .  1  learne   that the   ﻡﺍ  ﻲﻓﻭ  ،ﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ  ﻲﻓ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻣ ﻰﺸﺘﻔﻣ ﺮﺒﺒﻛ ﺔﺑﺎﻗﺭ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺖﻌﺿﻭﻭ ﺪﻨﺴﻟﺍ ﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ ﺍ ﺖﻠﻘﺘﻧﺍ ١٨٦٩
                                                                                                                                                                                            "
                                                                                                                                                                             ﺀ
                                                                                                                                                                         ٠ﺭ
                                                                                                                                                                                        ٠
                                                                                                                                                                                    ﺀ
                                                                                                                                                                                                          ٠
                                                                                                                                                                                                      ﻟﻰ
                                               ﻲﻘﻳﺆﺛ                      e  eri ent   showe   that woo en   onl  wa  to navigate the  ala  a   strait   ﻡﺎﻋ ﻲﻓﻭ ﻯﺎﺒﻣﻮﺑ ﻲﻓ ﻡﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻳﺪﻟﺒﺮﺍ ﺮﻇﺎﻧ ﺔﻄﻠﺳ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺻﺒﺤﺚﺍﻭ ،ﻯﺎﺒﻣﻮﺑ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟ ﻯﺧﺮﺍ ﺓﺮﻣ ﺕﺪﻴﻋﺍ ١٨٧٩
                                                                                                                                                             .
                                                                                                                                     t
                                                :ﻲﻳﺇ gﺈﻴﻳ                 tanks, sewn together with  o onut   was to begin b   kee ing   lose  to he               .ﻡﺎﺴﻗﺎﻛ ﻻﺼﻔﻨﻣ ﺍﺀﺰﺟ ﻕﺍﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻣ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺎﻤﺑ ﺞﻴﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﺪﻳﺮﺑ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻣ ﺖﻧﻮﻛ ١٨٩٢
                                                                                                                                                                                ،
                                                                                                                                                                                             ،
                                                :: .ﺇﻳﻲ                   ro e  like the hull of the shi ,  woul    
u atran   si e,  in or er  to use the                           orier,   O .  Cit.,  ٧o!ﻟﻮ,  Part.   1,  PP.   2  .ﻛﻬﻻ

                                                ً#                        have been a equate.             night breees off the  ountains,  an           ﻲﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺞﻴﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻘﻟ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻄﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﻳﺔﻟﻬﻨﺪﺍ ﺪﻳﺮﺒﻟﺍ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻤﺑ ﺹﺎﺨﻟﺍﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺄﺑ ﻟﻤﻠﺤﻖﺍ ﻝﻭﺪﺠﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ )٦١(
                                                ،"ﺍﻝ٠;ﺕ
                                                                                                          ri e  the ties  as the   turn in one's

                                                g                         e a  les   of the  ra ti al   a  ura     of   favour in the strait. But there o es  a   ،ﺔﻣﺎﻨﻤﻟﺍ · ﺔﻣﺎﻗﻻﺍ ,ﺍﺩ,   ﻝﺰﻨﻣ   ،  ،  ،)ﻯﺎﺒﻣﻮﺑ ﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ(
                                                                            Finall ,    woul   like to quote two

                                                                                                                                                                        ١٠:  ٠.
                                                                                                                                                                          ﻲﻓ
                                                                                                                                     t
                                                                                                                                                             ﻲﻓ'
                                                                                                                 when the shoal water of he
                                                                                                           o ent
                                                                                                                                                                  ﺍﺭﺃ  ﺩ ﻞﻴﻛﻭ ﻦﻳﺮﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻲﺑﺭﻭﺍ ﻲﺳﺎﻴﺳ ﻒﻇﻮﻣ ﻦﻴﻴﻌﺗ ﻰﺘﺣ ﻊﻘﺗ ﺓﺋﺮﺍﻟﺪﺍ ﺖﻠﻛ )٧١(
                                                                                                                                                                                ﻭﺎﻴﺷ،
                                                                                                                                                                                                          ﻝ

                                                                           the earl   te ts,  an a ura     whi h      
u atran  si e  begins to reah  out an    ﺪﻗﻭ ٠١٨٨٣ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻝﻮﻠﻳﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻦﻴﻋ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ   ٠ﺍﻰﻋﺪﻳ ﺺﺨﺷ ﻯﻳﺪﻟﺒﺮﺍ ﺞﻴﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺮﺸﻣ ﻭﺍ ﻥﺎﻛ  ٨١(

                                                                                                                                                                                                   ﻟﻰ
                                                                                              e
                                                  ﻱﺇ                       now a  re iate    ore  than ver before.   threatens to tra  the vessel. 	his  is the   ،ﻦﻳﺮﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺪﻳﺮﺑ ﺐﺘﻜﻣ ﻪﺘﻳﺎﻋﺭ ﺖﺤﺗ ﺀﻰﺸﻧﺍ ﺎﻤﻛ ،ﻓﻪﺍﺷﺮﺍ ﺖﺤﺗ ﻟﻘﻰﺍ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻤﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﻤﺟ ﺍ ﺓﺪﻳﺪﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﻳﺰﺑ ﻡﺎﻗ
                                                  ﺈﻴﻗ


                                                                            bn  ai ,
                                                                                                            o ent
                                                                                                                 when  ou  ust  un ertake  the
                                                                                   the aster  Pilot of 
ur  the
                                                                                                                                                        ﻰﻟﺍ ﻯﺎﺒﻣﻮﺑ ﻲﻓ ﺖﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﻟﻚﺫ ﻰﺘﺣ ﻛﺎ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻓﻪﺍﺮﺷﺍ ﺮﻘﻣ ﻞﻘﻧ ١٨٧٩ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻓﻲﻭ ﻗﺸﻢ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻤﻟ ﻳﺔﺪﻳﺮﺑ ﺔﻣﺪﺧﻭ
                                                                                                                                                                                                .
                                                                                                                                                                         ﻥ




                                                  ﻱﺇ":ﻝ                     otr  where we built OA ,   warne     assage  a ross  to the alaan   si e  of   ﻰﻀﻘﻳ ﻥﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻯﺎﺒﻣﻮﺑ ﻲﻓ ﻑﺮﺸﻤﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﻣ ﺻﺒﺢﺍﻭ ﻯﺮﺧﺍ ﻣﺮ ﺕﺎﻤﻴﻈﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺮﻴﻐﺗ ١٨٩٢ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻲﻓﻭ ﺷﻬﺮﺑﻮ
                                                                                                                                                                                     ﺓ
                                                                                                                                                                                                          .
                                                  :ﺔﺛ:ﻕ                    of the  ri a r   i  ortan e   of looking   the trait,  an   negotiate the narrows   ﺕﺪﻳﺯ ٨٩٩ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻰﻟﺍ ١٨٩٣ ﻡﺎﻋ ﻦﻣﻭ .ﻪﻟ ﺔﻌﺑﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺗﺐﻟﻤﻜﺎﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻴﺸﻴﺘﻔﺗ ﺔﻠﺣﺭ ﻲﻓ ﻟﺴﻨﺔﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺷﻬﻮ ﺔﻌﺑﺭﺍ

                                                                                                                                                                                                        ﺭ
                                                                                                                                                            ١
                                                  ٠ﻭ
                                                  .:ﻴﺞﻴﻴﻳﺇ                 after the ru  er  of he shi .   e  was   an  swift flowing urrents of he 
outh
                                                                                          t

                                                                                                                                 t
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ،
                                                   ٢9ﺖﻳ                                                                                                 ﻲﻓ ﺟﺐﺍﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻦﻣ ﻲﻔﻋﺍ ﻪﻨﻜﻟﻭ ،ﻯﺎﺒﻣﻮﺑ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ ﻲﻓ ﺔﻴﻋﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺗﺐﻟﻤﻜﺎﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﻮﺌﺴﻣ ﺞﻴﻠﺨﻟﺍ ﺐﺋﺎﺟ ﺍ ،ﻪﻴﻠﻋ
                                                                                                                                                                                                          ﻟﻰ


                                                                                                     the



                                                   #
                                                  ﺭﺍﺭ                      irght. 	he  ruer  wsa  reisel    whih   
an s.   t  
OA    s rae    through,                         ٠ﻟﻪ ﻲﺼﺨﺷ ﺮﺗﺮﻜﺴﻳ ﺯﻭ ٩٠٠  ﻡﺎﻋ ﻲﻓﻭ ،ﺔﻴﻟﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﻟﺴﻨﺔﺍ
                                                                                                                                                                                              ١
                                                                                                                                                                                            ﺩ
                                                                           ite   of the shi 's  eui  ent
                                                                                                                                 f

                                                                                                           thanks o a  agnifi ent  effort ro   her
                                                  ﻭ                        gave us the  ost  trouble. 	he  ru  er    rew,   ulling  her off the shoals b     eli    onaﻝ ﻣﻊn,   	e  ﻢﻤﻣﺎﻘﻟ   ni  ﻡster٥   O .  sibArﺩ  ٧o1  Ptra.  ,ﻻ  P.  2449:  P.  ﻧﻈﺮﺍﻭ  ١٩ ١ﻡ
                                                  ﻲﺛ
                                                                                                                                                                                          re
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Ptra.
                                                                                                                                                                                                Vol.
                                                                                                                                                                                          ,ri
                                                                                                                                                                                                         ,
                                                                                                                                                                                             Cit,,
                                                                                                                                                                                                              .ﻻﻬﻛ2
                                                                                                                                                                                          Op,
                                                                                                                                                                                            ﻡ
                                                                                                                                                                                              Gur,
                                                                                                                                                                                                          )ﻢﻣ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                           P.57.
                                                                                                                                                                                                          ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                 ( ﻡn1795

                                                                                                                                                                                           	he
                                                                                                                                                                        Ageni se
                                                                                                                                                                                         na
                                                                           ha   to be re-lashe   in la e  several


                                                                                                            usle   ower as we haule   alternatel
                                                                                                                                                                                                    ,ﻻ
                                                                                                                                                                                               ,ﻱ.
                                                                                                                                                                                 ori er,
                                                                                                                                                                                         Cit,
                                                                                                   t
                                                                           ti es   uirng the vo age,  even hough

                                                                                                           on her two an hors.  Arab shis  over

                                                                                                     i
                                                  !ﻖfﻳﺈﻳ                   that  eant  the siw  esr   ha   to ve   the  enturies  fae   the s ae  hanar,                          ori er,   Op.  Ca,   1,  nrP   P.  247,


                                                                                                                                                                                                           ﺙ9. 2٢٠
                                                                                                                                                                                                    ,
                                                                                                                                                                                            ٧ao.

                                                                           overboar   an   tighten the  oonut

                                                                                                                                                                                                               (٢١١
                                                  ﻲﻬﺠﻳ                     ro e  lashings when there were sharks   an    anage    this assage,   ear after   ﻭﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﺣ )٦( ﻢﻗﺮﻟﺍﻭ ﻝﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﺣ ٤( ﻢﻗﺮﻟﺍﻭ ﺀﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﺣ ﻲﻨﻌﻳ ٢( ﻢﻗﺮﻟﺎﻓ ﺔﻜﺋﻻﻤﻟﺍ ﺪﻳﺮﺑ ﻉﺯﻣﻮ )٢٢(
                                                                                                                                                        ١
                                                                                                                                                                                                     OpCa,
                                                                                                                                                            :
                                                                                                                                                                                              o,wﻡ ﻪﻋ
                                                                                                                                                                                                           P.s

                                                                                                            ear,  using sailing  iretions  re or e
                                                                                                                                                                            )
                                                                                                                                                                                             )
                                                                                                                                                                                                   ،

                                                                           about. An   now   also a reiate   wh    b  a sea atain  whose ho e  was 4,000      .ﻲﻜﺋﻻﻤﻟﺍ ﻉﺯﻟﻤﻮﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻢﺳﺍ ﺔﻓﺮﻌﻣ ﻟﻰﺍ ﻞﺻﻮﺘﻟﺍ ﻢﺗ ﻒﻴﻛ ﻯﺭﺪﻧ ﻻﻭ ﺀﺎﺤﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﺣ ٨( ﻢﻗﺮﻟﺍﻭ



                                                                                                                                                                                                 .
                                                                                                                                                                                                        )


                                                                            bn   ai    wrote suh  a   etaile     iles  awa   in 15th entur   Oan.                                              Donaﻝ son,   O.   Cit.  P.  59  7٢٣١



                                                  ﻱﺈﻴﻓ                     aount  of he assage  of the ala  a   	hese  earl  Arab shi s,  like O A ,   ﻡﺎﻋ ﻲﻓ ﺎﻬﺤﺘﻓ ﺪﻴﻋﺍ ﻢﺛ ﻳﺰﻟﻌﺰﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻫﺎﻳﺮﻣﺪ ﺪﻋﺎﻘﺘﻟ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﻕﺮﺤﻤﻟﺍ ﻲﻓ ﻳﺪﻟﺒﺮﺍ ﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ ﺖﻘﻠﻏﺍ ٩٥٤ ﻡﻋﺎ ﻲﻓ )٥٢(
                                                                                    t




                                                  ﻱﺈﻘﻐﻳ
                                                                                                                                                                                                            9,
                                                                                                                                                                                               O .
                                                                                                                                                                                        Doﻩaﻝ ﻡo,
                                                                                                                                                                                                 Cit.,
                                                                                                                                                                                                           ٦,ﻙ
                                                                                                                                                                                                         ٢٢٤١
                                                                                                                                                                                                    P. 1,
                                                                           
trait,  at the oint  when one  rosses
                                                                                                           won through, an     a    rou   to have

                                                                                                                                                                   ،
                                                  ﻴﻲﻴﻳ
                                                                                                                                                                                                       ١


                                                   ﺍ#                      rfo   the 
u atran   to alaan  shore.   been able to sail in their wake.                                .ﻳﻦﺮﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻟﺔﻭﺩ ﺪﻳﺮﺑ ﺓﺋﺮﺍﻟﺪ ﺔﻴﻋﺮﻓ ﺓﺋﺮﺍﻛﺪ ١٩٥٧
                                                                                                                                                                                             Donal son,
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Cit.,
                                                                                                                                                                                                         P.
                                                                                                                                                                                                           15
.
                                                                                                                                                                                                    O .
                                                  ﻖﺘﻳﻘ                                                                                                                                             lbi ,   P.  14s.  1٢ ﻓﻪ.
                                                                                                                                                                                                             ١)
                                                                                                                                                                                                            ٦

                                                                                                                                                                                                       bi,   P.  152.  (٢٧)
                                                                                                       •
                                                  ﻲﺑ  ﻖﻘﻳ#                                            ٠  '٠"ﺮﻣ     "  ﻡ"  "                   ±      ﺍ                                        ,n o  PP.   5 Dona 
 1,   ) ٨ ٢ (
                                                                                                                                                                                               o .
                                                                                                                                                                                                 Cit., ,
                                                                                                                                                                                                        ٦ﻝ
                                                                                  ٠ﻭ ﺃ
                                                   ﺘﺎﺑ     :                      : ٩ﻩ" ٠: ﻡ

                                                                                     ﺍ
                                                                                       }
                                                                                    -،
                                                                                    2
                                                                                  4ﻩ ' }ﻡ ﻢﺑ  '
                                                   # ﺝ# "                         "  ١ﺍ  ٠ﻝ٠٦'ﺟﻦ: ﺃ
                                                                                        ١ﺍ_ﺍ ،  _
                                                                                         ٠
                                                                                       ٦
                                                                                         ٠
                                                                                        -
                                                                                         :
                                                                                      ٣٠٠ﺍ "
                                                                                       ٥
                                                                                  ٠٠-"  "١  ٠٨_   "٠   0:: 4ﺝ         ٠٠٦   ﺇ    ﺍ            ﻻ
                                                                                    i٠٠٠
                                                      ﺕ,                          ٩٠٦2:  ٠  ٣   ﺭ"  ٠"  ٣ ٩٦  ٤ﻱ         ﻡ"                   ﻻ
                                                                                      ±
                                                                                   "
                                                                                            ٣١٠

                                                            ﺅ
                                                      ﺍ# ﻕ                        ٠+ ٣   .٤;
                                                      ﻹﺍ- ،  :ﻳﻮ                  "  ٩ﻡ
                                                                                  ٠٠
                                                                                     ٠" ﺍ
                                                      ﺞﺑ                          ٠ ٠٠   ٣
                                                           ،.
                                                       »ﺛﺖ.ﺍ,ﻻ   ﺕ
"؟
                                                        ٣ﺍ٤ﺕ   ٥٧"٠                                                              ﻻ
                                                       5ﺏ  ﻲﻓ
                                                       ﻥﺯ"-   .':ﻝ
                                                       ﺝﺈﺑ:: ﺔﺘﻳ
                                                       ﺝ  :ﻭ
                                                       ﺆﻓ                                                                                    ﺇ
                                                                                                                                             ﻭ
                                                                                                                                             ﺇ
                                                       ﺥ#
                                                            ٠ﺯ١
                                                        ﺍ
                                                       ﻝ »
                                                       ٠٠٧ ٠٠   ﻑ
                                                        :.   .:
                                                        ﻘﻲﺑ  .. ﺈﻳ
                                                        ﺔﻨﻗ                ٩٩١_ ﺔﻘﻴﺛﻮﻟﺍ                                   ﺇA - Watheekah   199                                                            ١٩٨ ﺛﻴﻘﺔﻟﻮﺍ
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