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464                    APPENDIX.                                                               APPENDIX.



                                                                               “ In many respects the plants are the same as those of
                                                                            the peninsula of Sinai,—Fagonia cretica, and another
                                                                            species, Zygophyllum simplex, Stcitice cicicularis, As­
                                                                            tragalus hamosus, Tphiona scalrci, the plant called
                                                                            Bovea by Decaisne, and several species of Egyptian
                                                                             Labiatce, forming some of its most remarkable features.                                            III.
                                                                            It also comprehends one of our common dead nettles
                                                                            (Lamium amplexicaule).                                                                    BAB EL MANDUB.
                                                                                 On the other hand, the Lithospermwn vestitum of
                                                                            India, Asphodelus fistulosus—from which the Aspho-                         It will be seen by a reference to the map, that those                        m
                                                                                                                                                                           of the Indian Ocean, now desig-
                                                                            delus clavatus of the Doab is not different, and which                     two great branches
                                                                                                                                                             the Red Sea and the Indian Gulf of Aden, lie
                                                                            therefore extends from Malaga to India—Acanthodium                         nated
                                                                                                                                                       at nearly right angles with respect to each other, and
                                                                            spicatum, and Cotula cinerea, sufficiently indicate the
                                                                            approach of the Flora to a form more tropical than that                    the point where the abrupt deflection takes place bears
                                                                                                                                                       the name of Bab el Mandiib, “ The Gate of Tears.”
                                                                            of Egypt or Palestine.
                                                                               “ Besides these things, I find specimens of the Inula                   This and several other names equally significant, were,
                                                                            odor a and Convolvulus spinosus of Yemen, both of                          it was thought, imposed by the earlier Arab navigators,
                                                                            which are unknown to the northward; and there is                           to convey an impressive idea of their apprehension of
                                                                            species of bramble, probably the Rubus fruticosus of                       the voyage before them : to this day they hold the                            is
                                                                            Forskahl, which although very incomplete, is to all ap-                    passage in great dread, muttering in their progress                          1
                                                                            pearance undescribed.                                                      many prayers, and casting loaves of bread into the sea.
                                                                              “ The collection contains various other species, but as                  The same form is observed at the entrance of the
                                                                            they do not bear upon any points of general interest, I                    Persian Gulf, and even on approaching certain har-
                                                                            forbear to enumerate them.”—Geographical Journal                            hours. No class of men    relinquish old customs with
                                                                                                                                                        more unwillingness than Arabs, and this custom is but
                                                                                                                                                        a remnant of that universal superstition in which their
                                                                                                                                                        Pagan ancestors, in common with the greater part of
                                                                                                                                                        the world, were once enthralled. It doubtless arises
                                                                                                                                                        from a desire to  propitiate, by offerings of value or by
                                                                                                                                                        Invocation, the
                                                                                                                                                                       supposed evil agency of the spirits of
                                                                                                                                                        the
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